The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne
An Online Catalogue Raisonné under the Direction of Société Paul Cezanne
(Formerly directed by Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash)
FWN 915
Grand baigneur
c.1885
Alternate titles: Baigneur; Der Badende; Grand Baigneur; Jeune homme nu; Le Baigneur; Le grand baigneur; Male Figure; The Bather; The large bather
Rewald (555): c.1885; Venturi revised: 1888–90; Venturi (548): 1885–87; Rivière: 1882; Machotka et al: c.1890
Oil on canvas
50 x 38 1/8 in. (127 x 96.8 cm)
Vollard A stockbook: no. 3453, huile. homme nu les mains sur le hanche regardant ses pieds, fond bleu, 131 x 98 cm (200 frs)
Provenance
Exhibition History
Galerie Vollard, Paris, Paul Cézanne, November 15–December 1899, no. 9, as Baigneur, tentative identification (see reviews).
Galerie Vollard, Paris, Figures de Cézanne, June 27–July 23, 1910, no. 1, as Baigneur, tentative identification.
Paul Rosenberg, Paris, Art français du XIXe siècle au profit de l'Association Générale des mutilés de la guerre, June 25–July 13, 1917, no. 9, as Le Baigneur, lent by Rosenberg.
Kunsthaus Zürich, Zurich, Französische Kunst des XIX. und XX. Jahrhunderts, October 5–November 14, 1917, no. 32, ill., as Grand Baigneur, lent by A.K [possible misprint for Vollard].
Paul Rosenberg, Paris, L'art français au XIXe siècle, 1919.
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Paintings, May 3–September 15, 1921, no. 10, ill., as The Bather, lent by anon. [Bliss].
Brooklyn Academy of Arts and Sciences, Brooklyn, New York, Summer Exhibition of Modern French and American Painters, June 12–October 14, 1926, lent by Miss Bliss.
Durand-Ruel, New York, French Masterpieces of the Late XIX Century, March 20–April 10, 1928, no. 2, as Jeune homme nu, lent by anon.
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, The museum's first loan exhibition: Cézanne, Gauguin, Seurat, van Gogh, November 8–December 7, 1929, no. 11, ill., (dated 1877), as Male Figure, lent by Private collection, N.Y.
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, Memorial Exhibition: The Collection of the Late Miss Lillie P. Bliss, May 17–September 27, 1931, no. 8, as The Bather. Traveled to: Addison Gallery of American Art, Phillips Academy, Andover, Massachusetts, October 17–December 15, 1931; John Herron Art Institute, Indianapolis, January 1932.
The Museum of Modern Art, New York, The Lillie P. Bliss Collection, May 14–September 12, 1934, no. 8, ill.
Pennsylvania Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne, November 10–December 10, 1934, no. 35, ill., (dated c. 1890–93), as The Bather, lent by Museum of Modern Art.
Carnegie Art Institute, Pittsburgh, Paintings, Drawings and Watercolors from the Lillie P. Bliss Collection, March 13–April 10, 1935, no. 11, as The Bather.
Smith College Museum of Art, Northampton, Massachusetts, French Paintings from the Lillie P. Bliss Collection, April 23–May 19, 1935, no. 5, as The Bather.
Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio, Cézanne and Gauguin, November 1–December 13, 1936, no. 20, ill., as The Bather, lent by MoMA.
New York World's Fair, New York, Masterpieces of Art, May–October 1940, no. 338, ill., as The Bather, lent by MoMA.
Montreal Art Association, Montreal, Masterpieces of Art, February 5–March 8, 1942, no. 67.
The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cézanne: Paintings, Watercolors & Drawings, A Loan Exhibition, February 7–March 16, 1952, no. 66, ill. lent by Museum of Modern Art. Traveled to: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, April 1–May 16, 1952.
Kunstmuseum, Basel, Switzerland, Paul Cézanne: Die Badenden, September 10–December 10, 1989, no. 47, pp. 132–33, pl. 95.
Grand Palais, Paris, Cézanne, September 26, 1995–January 14, 1996, no. 104, ill. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, February 8–April 28, 1996; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, May 26–September 1, 1996.
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne and Beyond, February 26–May 17, 2009, pl. 64, p. 238, as Grand baigneur.
Museum of Modern Art, New York, Cézanne Drawing, June 6–September 25, 2021, pl. 100, Museum of Modern Art.
The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cezanne, May 15–September 5, 2022, no. 99, ill. Traveled to: Tate Modern, London, October 6, 2022–March 12, 2023.
Museum of Modern Art, New York, Lillie P. Bliss and the Birth of The Modern, November 17, 2024–March 29, 2025.
Published References
Carroll, Raymond. "Art Atrocities Puzzles Critics." Evening Public Ledger (Philadelphia), September 7, 1921, p. 5, as The Bather.
Rivière, Georges. Le Maître Paul Cézanne. Paris: Librairie Floury, 1923, p. 210, listed.
Pène du Bois, Guy. "The Lillie P. Bliss Collection." Arts 17, no. 9 (June 1931), p. 612, ill.
Klein, Jerome. The Lillie P. Bliss Collection. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1934, no. 8.
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 548, ill. vol. II, as Le grand baigneur.
Barr, Jr., Alfred H. Painting and Sculpture in the Museum of Modern Art. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1942, p. 30, no. 92, ill. p. 31, as The Bather.
Hofmann, Werner. Paul Cézanne (1839-1906). Munich, Vienna, Basel: Kurt Desch, 1953, pl. 16, as Der Badende, 1885-87.
Rousseau, Théodore, Jr. Paul Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1953, pl. 16.
Barr, Jr., Alfred H. Masters of Modern Art. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1954, p. 23, ill.
Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne: The Enigma of the Nude." Art News 58, no. 8 (November 1959), pp. 29, 68.
Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne's Bather with Outstretched Arms." Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 59, periode 6 (March 1962), p. 188 note 6.
Waldfogel, Melvin. "Caillebotte, Vollard and Cézanne's 'Baigneurs au repos.'" Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 65, periode 6 (February 1965), p. 119, fig. 6 p. 120, as Le grand baigneur.
Murphy, Richard W. The World of Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Time-Life Books, 1968, p. 112.
Schapiro, Meyer. Paul Cézanne. Translated by Louis-Marie Ollivier. Paris: Nouvelles Editions Françaises, 1973, pl. 21 (with comments).
Lesko, Diane. "Cézanne's 'Bather' and a Found Self-Portrait." Artforum 15, no. 4 (December 1976), p. 55, ill.
Rubin, William, ed. "Cézannisme and the Beginnings of Cubism." In Cézanne: The Late Work. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1977. Exhibition catalogue, p. 181, ill.
Düchting, Hajo. Paul Cézanne: Natur wird Kunst. Cologne: Benedict Taschen Verlag, 1989, p. 150, ill.
Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, pp. 305, 319, 327, 330, fig. 156.
Wattenmaker, Richard et al. Great French Paintings from The Barnes Foundation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993. Exhibition catalogue, p. 104, fig. 3.
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 555, ill. vol. 2 and p. 34, ill. col. vol. 1, as Le grand baigneur.
Gervais, David. "A Picture by Cézanne: 'Le Grand Baigneur.'" The Cambridge Quarterly 26, no. 2 (1997), fig. 1.
Cowling, Elizabeth. "The passage of time in Picasso's 'neo-classical' painting." Apollo (London) 148, no. 439 (October 1998), fig. 16, p. 9, as The large bather, 1885.
Ballas, Guila. Cézanne: baigneuses et baigneurs: thème et composition. Paris: Adam Biro, 2002, p. 291, no. 111, ill., as Le grand baigneur, 1885-87.
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, pp. 186, 202, fig. 5.14, as Grand baigneur.
Dittmann, Lorenz. Die Kunst Cézannes: Farbe, Rythmus, Symbolik. Cologne: Böhlau, 2005, pl. 11.
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Cézannes Gemälde: Formate und Themen, Echtheitsfragen." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel, Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 234, ill.
Conisbee, Philip. "The Atelier des Lauves." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 234, fig. 7, as Grand baigneur.
Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 209; vol. 2, p. 146, as Le grand baigneur.
Bernstein, Roberta. "Cézanne and Johns: 'At Every Point in Nature There Is Something to See.'" In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 470, fig. 17.3, as The Bather.
Cowling, Elizabeth. "'Le drame de l'homme.' Le Cézannisme de Picasso en 1906–08." In Picasso, Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Réunion des musées nationaux, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 43, fig. 2, as Grand baigneur.
Elderfield, John. "Picasso's Extreme Cézanne." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 238, pl. 64, as The Bather.
Rishel, Joseph J. "Cézanne and Hartley: On Sacred Ground." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 182, ill., p. 238, pl. 64, as The Bather.
Lanchner, Carolyn. 10 Works by Paul Cézanne in the Museum of Modern Art Collection. MoMA Artists Series. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2011, pp. 11–15.
Colrat, Jean. Cézanne: Joindre les mains errantes de la nature. Paris-Sorbonne: PUPS, 2013, p. 104, pl. 23.
Callen, Anthea. The Work of Art: Plein-air Painting and Artistic Identiy in the Nineteenth-century France. London: Reaktion Books Ltd, 2015, pp. 203-5, fig. 150 p. 202, as The Bather.
Lloyd, Christopher. Paul Cézanne, Drawings and Watercolors. London and Los Angeles: Thames & Hudson and John Paul Getty Museum, 2015, p. 175, fig. 120.
Freudenberg, Inken. "The Chimerical Pursuit of Art, Paul Cézanne and Gustave Flaubert: An Affinity Explored." In Cézanne Metamorphoses. Munich and Karlsruhe: Prestel and Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 2.
Armstrong, Carol. Cézanne's Gravity. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2018, fig. 102.
France-Lanord, Hadrien. La couleur et la parole: les chemins de Paul Cézanne et de Martin Heidegger. Paris: Gallimard, 2018, ill. p. 253 (detail), as Grand baigneur.
Dombrowski, André, Nancy Ireson, and Sylvie Patry, eds. Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa in association with The Barnes Foundation, 2021, p. 295, fig. 2, as The Bather.
Nagaï, Takanori. "L'idée de l'anti-modernisation social chez Cézanne." Bulletin of Kyoto Institute of Technology 14 (February 2022), fig. 45bis.
Nagaï, Takanori. Truth in Panting: The Meaning of Cezanne's Practices for Modernizing Society. Tokyo: Sangesha Publishers Inc., 2022, pl. 43.
Related
Related work
Record last updated December 20, 2021. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "Grand baigneur, c.1885 (FWN 915)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=542 (accessed on July 5, 2025).
