The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne
An Online Catalogue Raisonné under the Direction of Société Paul Cezanne
(Formerly directed by Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash)
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© The Barnes Foundation, Merion, Pennsylvania, USA/ The Bridgeman Art Library
FWN 926
Les Baigneurs au repos
1876–77
Alternate titles: Baigneurs; Baigneurs au repos; Baigneurs au repos, III; Bathers at Rest; Bathers in Repose; Les Baigneurs; Les baigneurs; Etude, projet de tableau; The Bathers
Rewald (261): 1876–77; Venturi revised: c.1877; Venturi (276): 1875–76; Rivière: 1876; Vollard: 1877; Machotka et al: 1876–77
Oil on canvas
32 3/8 x 39 13/16 in. (82.2 x 101.2 cm)
Signed lower right in red: P. Cezanne
Vollard archives: photo no. 245, annotated: 1877
Provenance
Exhibition History
6, rue Le Peletier, Paris, Troisième exposition de peinture, opening April 4, 1877, no. 26, as Les baigneurs; Etude, projet de tableau.
Salon d'Automne, Grand Palais, Paris, 3e exposition, October 18–November 25, 1905, no. 320, as Les Baigneurs.
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Great French Paintings from the Barnes Foundation, May 2–August 15, 1993, no number, pp. 102–05, ill. p. 103. Traveled to: Musèe d'Orsay, Paris, November 6, 1993–January 2, 1994; National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, January 21–April 3, 1994; Kimbell Art Museum, Forth Worth, Texas, April 24–August 16, 1994; Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto, September 17–December 31, 1994; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, January 29–April 1995; Haus der Kunst, Munich, June 23–October 22, 1995.
Published References
Descubes, A. "L'Exposition des impressionnistes." Gazette des lettres, des sciences et des arts, vol. 1, no. 12 (April 20, 1877), p. 187, toute son exposition [...] est une horrible mascarade, couronnée (car il est des degrés dans l'atroce!) par l'incroyable tableau des baigneurs, d'une exécution enfantine, d'une expression abjecte.
Gastyne, Jules de. "Courrier de Paris." Le Nain jaune (April 1877), p. 1, petites statues en bois sales fichées au milieu d'un plat d'épinards qui m'a fait rire aux larmes.
Laurent-Pichat, L. "Salon de 1877: III." Le Phare de la Loire (June 9, 1877), p. 2, Son étude de baigneurs est odieusement sale.
Lora, Léon de. "L'exposition des impressionnistes." Le Gaulois, April 10, 1877, p. 2, les ventres bleus de ces baigneurs et les nuages d'un blanc de faïence qui flottant au-dessus de leur tête.
Rivière, Georges. "L'exposition des impressionnistes." L'Impressionniste: journal d'art, nos. 1 and 2 (April 6 and April 14, 1877), p. 2 (no.2), as Baigneurs.
Villebrun, H. "Chronique parisienne." Le Ralliement (April 9, 1877), une grande toile représente quatre hommes sortant du bain.
Geffroy, Gustave. "Au Luxembourg." Le Journal, February 16, 1897, p. 5 (mentioned as not included among the works accepted from the Caillebotte Estate).
Borgmeyer, Charles Louis. The Master Impressionists. Chicago: The Fine Arts Press, 1913, p. 233, ill.
Vollard, Ambroise. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Vollard, 1914, pl. 16, as Les Baigneurs au repos.
Fry, Roger. "'Paul Cézanne' by Ambroise Vollard: Paris, 1915, A Review." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 31, no. 173 (August 1917), pl. I.
Tabarant, [Adolphe]. "Le peintre Caillebotte et sa collection." Le Bulletin de la vie artistique 2, no. 15 (August 1, 1921), p. 413, ill., as Les Baigneurs.
Rivière, Georges. Le Maître Paul Cézanne. Paris: Librairie Floury, 1923, p. 203, listed.
Vollard, Ambroise. Paul Cézanne: His Life and Art. Translated by Harold L. van Doren. New York: Nicholas Brown, 1923, pp. 75–76, ill. opp. p. 84.
Ludovici, Albert. An Artist's Life in London and Paris, 1870–1925. New York: Minton, Balch & Co., 1926, p. 200.
Fry, Roger. Cézanne: A Study of His Development. New York: Macmillan, 1927, p. 60, fig. 24, pl. XVII.
Klein, Jerome. The Lillie P. Bliss Collection. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1934, fig. 5.
Bulliet, Clarence Joseph. The Significant Moderns and Their Pictures. New York: Covici, 1936, pl. 8.
Vollard, Ambroise. Recollections of a Picture Dealer. Translated by Violet M. MacDonald. New York: Dover Publications, 1936, p. 264.
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 276, ill. vol. II, as Les Baigneurs au repos.
Rewald, John. "A propos du catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre de Paul Cézanne et de la chronologie de cette œuvre." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 20, nos. 3-4 (March–April 1937), p. 54, as Baigneurs.
Vollard, Ambroise. En écoutant Cézanne, Degas, Renoir. Paris: B. Grasset, 1938, p. 32, ill. opposite p. 32, as Baigneurs.
Barnes, Albert C., and Violette de Mazia. The Art of Cézanne. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1939, no. 63, p. 198, ill. (analysis pp. 324–28).
Venturi, Lionello. Archives de l'impressionnisme. 2 vols. Paris and New York: Durand-Ruel, 1939, p. 317.
Loran, Erle. Cézanne's Composition. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1943, pp. 94–95, pl. XXI.
Fry, Roger. Cézanne: A Study of his Developement. London: Hogarth Press, 1952, p. 60, pl. XVII fig. 24, as The Bathers.
Gachet, Paul. Cabaner. Paris: Les Beaux-Arts, Éditions d'études et de documents, 1954, pp. 4–5.
Berthold, Gertrude. Cézanne und die alten Meister. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1958, p. 36.
Rewald, John. The History of Impressionism. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1961, p. 388, ill.
Waldfogel, Melvin. "Caillebotte, Vollard and Cézanne's 'Baigneurs au repos.'" Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 65, periode 6 (February 1965), p. 113 and 115, fig. 2 p. 115, as Les Baigneurs au repos.
Druick, Douglas. "Cézanne, Vollard, and Lithography: The Ottawa Maquette for the 'Large Bathers' Colour Lithograph." Bulletin of the National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa 19 (1972), pp. 20, 24, fig. 1.
Sweeney, James Johnson. "The Albert C. Barnes Collection." The Barnes Foundation Journal of the Art Department 3, no. 2 (Autumn 1972), p. 32, pl. 34.
Druick, Douglas. "Cézanne's Lithographs." In Cézanne: The Late Work. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1977. Exhibition catalogue, p. 122, fig. 1.
Tsiakma, Katia. "Cézanne's and Poussin's Nudes." Art Journal 37, no. 2 (Winter 1977), fig. 11.
Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne's Late Bather Paintings." Arts Magazine 52, no. 2 (October 1977), p. 119.
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Cézanne's Bathers: Form and Content." Arts Magazine 54, no. 9 (May 1980), pp. 116, 119, fig. 4.
Laurent, Jeanne, Pierre Vaisse and Jacques Chardeau. "The New Caillebotte Affair." October vol. 31 (Winter 1984), p. 83, ill. p. 84, as Bathers in Repose, 1875-76.
Pickvance, Ronald, and Hideo Takumi. Cézanne. Tokyo: Tokyo Shimbun, 1986. Exhibition catalogue, p. 88, b/w.
Lévêque, Jean Jacques. La Vie et l'oeuvre de Paul Cézanne. Courbevoie: ACR, 1988, p. 24, ill. in b/w.
Geelhaar, Christian. "The Painters Who Had the Right Eyes: On the reception of Cézanne's Bathers." In Paul Cézanne: The Bathers. Basel: Kunstmuseum Basel, 1989. Exhibition catalogue, p. 280, fig. 209, as Baigneurs au repos.
Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, p. 276, fig. 140.
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Paul Cézanne: The Bathers." In Paul Cézanne: The Bathers. Basel: Museum of Fine Arts, 1989. Exhibition catalogue, ill. 74 p. 111.
Gasquet, Joachim. Joachim Gasquet's Cézanne. Translated by C. Pemberton. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1991, p. 103, ill.
Cachin, Françoise, and Joseph Rishel. Cézanne. Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 1995. Exhibition catalogue, p. 279, fig. 1.
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Du plongeon aux baigneuses." Dossier de l'art (Dijon), no. 25 (September - October 1995), ill. p. 52.
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 261, ill. vol. 2 and p. 29, ill. col. vol. 1, as Baigneurs au repos, III.
Bach, Friedrich Teja. "The Stake in the Pictorial Flesh: Disruptions in Cézanne's Oeuvre." In Cézanne: Finished, Unfinished. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, p. 74, fig. 22, as Baigneurs au repos, III.
Coutagne, Denis. "Cézanne au fil de l'eau." In Au fil de l'eau. Aix-en-Provence: Ville d'Aix-en-Provence, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, ill. p. 29, as Baigneurs au repos, III.
Ballas, Guila. Cézanne: baigneuses et baigneurs: thème et composition. Paris: Adam Biro, 2002, ill. pp. 142 (detail) and 153, p. 291, no. 110, ill., as Baigneurs au repos, III, c. 1877.
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, p. 201, fig. 5.13, as Baigneurs au repos, III.
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Zur Rezeptionsgeschichte Cézannes in Deutschland." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel,
Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 139, ill.
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Cézannes Gemälde: Formate und Themen, Echtheitsfragen." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel, Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 236, ill.
Lebensztejn, Jean-Claude. Études cézanniennes. Paris: Flammarion, 2006, p. 77, fig. 31, as Les baigneurs; Etude, projet de tableau, dated 1876.
Conisbee, Philip. "Cézanne's Provence." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 21, fig. 20, as Baigneurs au repos, III.
Shiff, Richard. "Risible Cézanne." In The Repeating Image: Multiples in French Painting from David to Matisse. Baltimore: Walters Art Museum, 2007. Exhibition catalogue, p. 146, fig. 16, as Bathers at Rest.
D'Souza, Aruna. Cézanne's Bathers. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2008, pl. 2, ill.
Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 82; vol. 2, p. 75, as Baigneurs au repos, III.
Simms, Matthew. Cézanne's watercolors: between drawing and painting. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2008, p. 173, fig. 122.
Bois, Yve-Alain. "Cézanne and Matisse: From Apprenticeship to Creative Misreading." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 124, fig. 4.15 (detail), as Bathers at Rest.
Lanchner, Carolyn. "Cézanne and Giacometti: An Odd Couple." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 391, fig. 14.9, as Bathers at Rest, dated 1875–76.
Lanchner, Carolyn. 10 Works by Paul Cézanne in the Museum of Modern Art Collection. MoMA Artists Series. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2011, p. 13, fig. 2.
Warman, Jayne. "Cézanne peintre des peintres." In Cézanne et Paris. Paris: Éditions de la Rmn-Grand Palais, 2011. Exhibition catalogue, p. 167, fig. 84, as Les Baigneurs au repos.
Dolkart, Judith, Martha Lucy. The Barnes Foundation: Masterworks. New York: Skira Rizzoli, 2012, p. 161, ill. p. 157, comments by Martha Lucy.
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. "Cézanne and the Louvre." In Cézanne and the Past: Tradition and Creativity. Budapest: Museum of Fine Arts, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, p. 112, fig. 66, p. 98 (detail), as Bathers at Rest.
Rishel, Joseph J. "Cézanne, Virgil, Poussin." In Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, p. 171, fig. 165, as Bathers at Rest.
Cézanne, Paul. The Letters of Paul Cézanne. Edited and translated by Alex Danchev. London and Los Angeles: Thames & Hudson; Getty Publications, 2013, p. 188, ill.
Colrat, Jean. Cézanne: Joindre les mains errantes de la nature. Paris-Sorbonne: PUPS, 2013, p. 235, pl. 112.
Dombrowski, André. Cézanne, Murder, and Modern Life. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2013, p. 242, fig. 100.
Nagaï, Takanori. "Cézanne and the meaning of 'copying.'" Bijutsu Forum 21, no. 31 (May 2015), p. 123, ill.
Warman, Jayne. "Chocquet und Cézanne – eine einzigartige Freundschaft." In Victor Chocquet – Freund und Sammler der Impressionisten, Renoir, Cézanne, Monet, Manet. Bern and Munich: Bundesamt für Kultur and Hirmer Verlag, 2015. Exhibition catalogue, p. 148, pl. 72.
Eiling, Alexander, Anett Göthe, Astrid Reuter, Bettina Kaufmann, Eva-Maria Höllerer, Juliane Betz and Julia Lachenmann. "Catalog." In Cézanne Metamorphoses. Munich and Karlsruhe: Prestel and Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, p. 219 fig. 2.
Marchesseau, Daniel. Paul Cezanne, Le chant de la terre. Martigny: Fondation Pierre Gianadda, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, p. 292, ill.
Armstrong, Carol. Cézanne's Gravity. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2018, fig. 9, 1876-77.
Dauberville, Guy-Patrice, and Floriane Dauberville. Paul Cezanne chez Bernheim-Jeune. Paris: Editions G-P.F. Dauberville & Archives Bernheim-Jeune, 2020, no. 267, ill., as Baigneurs au repos.
Dombrowski, André, Nancy Ireson, and Sylvie Patry, eds. Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa in association with The Barnes Foundation, 2021, no. 8, pp. 82–95, as Bathers at Rest (catalogue notes by C. Riopelle and S. Patry).
Groom, Gloria. "'At Once Unknown and Famous' – Cezanne in Paris." In Cezanne. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago, 2022, p. 26, fig. 3.
Nagaï, Takanori. Truth in Panting: The Meaning of Cezanne's Practices for Modernizing Society. Tokyo: Sangesha Publishers Inc., 2022, pl. 42.
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. "Cézanne nostalgique: Nostalgia, Memory, Illusion." Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide, Autumn 2023, fig. 2.
Notes
This work probably replaced Les Baigneurs au repos, 1875–76 (924) at the last minute in the Third Impressionist exhibition. Degas made a sketch of the central figure of this painting, having seen it at the exhibition.
The work was given by the artist to Ernest Cabaner, who died in 1881. Gustave Caillebotte bought it from Cabaner's estate and bequeathed it to the French State at his death in 1894 – it was rejected.
Cézanne made a lithograph after the painting for Vollard.
Related
Related work
Record last updated October 29, 2023. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "Les Baigneurs au repos, 1876–77 (FWN 926)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=263 (accessed on April 25, 2024).
