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Catalogue entry

FWN 981
Grandes baigneuses
1906
Alternate titles: Badende; Badende (Frauen); Badende Frauen; Baigneuses; Bañistas; Bathers; Die Badenden; Grandes bañistas; Große Badende; Le Bain; Les baigneuses; Les grandes baigneuses; Nus or Grandes baigneuses; The Bathers; The Large Bathers
Rewald (857): 1906; Venturi revised: 1898–1905; Venturi (719): 1898–1905; Rivière: 1895 and 1902; Gowing: started in 1895, abandoned, and taken up again in 1905; Reff: 1906 (MoMA)
Oil on canvas
82 7/8 x 98 3/4 in. (210.5 x 250.8 cm)
Vollard B stockbook: no. 4451 or 4453, baigneuses (20000/60000 frs)

Keywords

Provenance
Estate of Paul Cezanne
Ambroise Vollard, Paris
Auguste Pellerin, Paris;
Jean-Victor Pellerin, Paris
Wildenstein Galleries, New York
Philadelphia Museum of Art (1937)
Exhibition History
1907a Paris
Salon d'Automne, Grand Palais, Paris, Rétrospective d'oeuvres de Cézanne, October 1–22, 1907, no. 19, as Baigneuses, lent by Pellerin.
1909a Berlin
Berlin, Achtzehnte Ausstellung der Berliner Secession, Spring 1909, no. 40, ill., as Badende.
1926b Paris
Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, Paris, Exposition rétrospective Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) au profit de la caisse du Monument Cézanne, June 1–30, 1926, no. 38, as Les baigneuses, lent by Pellerin.
1936c Paris
Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris, Cézanne, May 20–October 11, 1936, no. 107, pl. XVIII, as Grandes baigneuses, lent by Pellerin.
1950–51a Philadelphia
Philadelphia Museum of Arts, Philadelphia, Diamond Jubilee Exhibition, Masterpieces of Painting, November 4, 1950–February 11, 1951, no. 88, ill., as Grandes baigneuses, lent by Philadelphia Museum.
1952 Chicago and traveling
The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cézanne: Paintings, Watercolors & Drawings, A Loan Exhibition, February 7–March 16, 1952, no. 95, ill. lent by Philadelphia Museum of Art. Traveled to: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, April 1–May 16, 1952.
1955a Paris
Orangerie, Paris, De David à Toulouse-Lautrec: Chefs-d'oeuvre des collections américaines, April 20–July 5, 1955, no. 5, pl. 63, lent by Philadelphia Museum of Art.
1983 Philadelphia
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne in Philadelphia Collections, July 19–August 21, 1983, no. 22, ill. lent by Philadelphia Museum.
1995–96 Paris and traveling
Grand Palais, Paris, Cézanne, September 26, 1995–January 14, 1996, no. 219, ill. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, February 8–April 28, 1996; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, May 26–September 1, 1996.
2009 Philadelphia
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne and Beyond, February 26–May 17, 2009, pl. 66, p. 240 (dated 1906), as Grandes baigneuses.
2012 Philadelphia
Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia, June 20–September 3, 2012, ill., p. 216, p. xii and fig. 155 (dated 1900–06).
Published References
Glaser 1910
Glaser, Curt. "Die zwanzigste Ausstellung der Berliner Secession." Die Kunst für Alle 25, no. 19 (July 1, 1910), pp. 437–38, as Badende.
Herrmann 1911
Herrmann, Curt. Der Kampf um den Stil: Probleme der modernen Malerei. Berlin: E. Reiss, 1911, p. 37, ill.
Piper & Co. 1912
Paul Cèzanne - Mappe. Munich: R. Piper & Co., 1912, pl. 3.
Burger 1913
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1913, pl. 56, as Badende (Frauen).
Raphael 1913
Raphael, Max. Von Monet zu Picasso. Munich: Delphin-Verlag, 1913, pl. 32.
Kandinsky 1914
Kandinsky, Wassily. The Art of Spiritual Harmony. Boston and New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1914, p. 61, ill.
Meier-Graefe 1918a
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne und sein Kreis: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte: mit 127 Tonätzungen und fünfzehn Heliogravüren. Munich: R. Piper, 1918, ill. p. 203.
Westheim 1918a
Westheim, Paul. Die Welt als Vorstellung. Potsdam–Berlin: Gustav Kiepenheuer Verlag, 1918, p. 87, ill.
Deri 1919
Deri, Max. Die Malerei im XIX. Jahrhundert: entwicklungsgeschichtliche Darstellung auf psychologischer Grundlage. Berlin: Paul Cassirer, 1919, pp. 206–08, pl. 49.
Burger 1920
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1920, pl. 59.
Vauvrecy and Cezanne 1920
Vauvrecy; Paul Cézanne. "Vie de Cézanne'';''Lettres de Cézanne." L'Esprit nouveau: revue internationale d'esthétique, no. 2 (1920), ill. p. 138.
Zeisho 1921
Zeisho, Atzouji. Paul Cézanne. Tokyo: Rakuyodo, Taisho, 1921, fig. 29.
Gasquet 1921a
Gasquet, Joachim. "Cézanne à l'atelier." L'Amour de l'art 2, 10 (October 1921), ill. p. 330, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Gasquet 1921b
Gasquet, Joachim. Cézanne. Paris: Les Editions Bernheim-Jeune, 1921, p. 35, pl. p. 36, as Le Bain.
Fontainas and Vauxcelles 1922
Fontainas, André and Louis Vauxcelles. "Paul Cézanne." Histoire générale de l'art français de la Révolution à nos jours: la peinture, la gravure, le dessin. Paris: Librairie de France, 1922, ill. p. 233, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Glaser 1922
Glaser, Curt. Paul Cézanne. Leipzig: E.A. Seemann, 1922, pl. 19, as Die Badenden, 1895-1905.
Meier-Graefe 1922
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne und sein Kreis: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte: mit 171 Tonätzungen und einem Lichtdruck. Munich: R. Piper, 1922, ill. p. 245.
Burger 1923
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1923, pl. 59.
Klingsor 1923
Klingsor, Tristan L. Cézanne. Paris: Rieder, 1923, pl. 33, as Le Bain.
Meier-Graefe 1923
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Paul Cézanne. Munich: R. Piper, 1923, ill. p. 83.
Rivière 1923
Rivière, Georges. Le Maître Paul Cézanne. Paris: Librairie Floury, 1923, p. 200, listed.
Meier-Graefe 1924
Meier-Graefe, Julius. "Cézanne." In Entwicklungsgeschichte der modernen Kunst vol. 3. Munich: R. Piper & Co., [1924] (copyright 1915), pl. 503, as Die Badenden, 1895-1905.
Arishima 1925
Arishima, Ikuma. Sezannu [Cézanne]. Tokyo: Ars, 1925, pl. 50.
Goulinat 1925
Goulinat, J.-G. "Technique picturale: l'évolution du métier de Cézanne." L'Art vivant (Paris), no. 5 (March 1, 1925), p. 22, ill., as Baigneuses.
Anonymous 1926
Anonymous. "L'exposition du peintre aixois Paul Cézanne." Le Petit Provençal, June 2, 1926, p. 2, as Les baigneuses.
Fry 1926
Fry, Roger. "Le développement de Cézanne." L'Amour de l'art 7, no. 12 (December 1926), ill. p. 415, as Baigneuses.
Gasquet 1926
Gasquet, Joachim. Cézanne. Paris: Les Editions Bernheim-Jeune, 1926, p. 56, pl. [10] hors texte, as Le Bain.
Mauny 1926
Mauny, Jacques. "Paris Letter." Arts 10, no. 2 (August 1926), p. 118, ill.
Vauxcelles 1926
Vauxcelles, Louis. "A propos de Cézanne [Hommage à Paul Cézanne]." L'Art vivant (Paris), no. 37 (July 1, 1926), p. 482, ill., as Baigneuses.
Fry 1927a
Fry, Roger. Cézanne: A Study of His Development. New York: Macmillan, 1927, p. 81, fig. 45, pl. XXXIV.
Meier-Graefe 1927a
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne. translated by J. Holroyd-Reece. London: Ernest Benn, 1927, pl. CIV.
Gasquet 1928
Gasquet, Joachim. Cézanne: 24 phototypies. Paris: Librairie de France, [1928], [pl. 15], as Baigneuses.
Bertram 1929
Bertram, Anthony. Cézanne. London: Studio, 1929, pl. 11.
Fry 1929
Fry, Roger. "Cézannes Udvikling." Samleren 6 (July, August, September 1929), p. 136, ill.
Rey 1931
Rey, Robert. La Renaissance du sentiment classique. Paris: G. van Oest, 1931, ill. opp. p. 92.
Wilenski 1931
Wilenski, R.H. French Painting. Boston: Hale, Cushman & Flint, 1931, pl. 124b.
Zervos 1931
Zervos, Christian. "Les Problèmes de la jeune peinture: Le retour au sujet est-il probable?" Cahiers d'Art, nos. 3 and 4 (1931), p. 125, ill.
Lhote 1933
Lhote, André. La Peinture: Le Coeur et l'esprit. Paris: Denoël et Steele, 1933, p. 160, ill.
Peschcke-Koedt 1933
Peschcke-Koedt, Matthias. "Statusopgorelse i Malerkunsten." Samleren 10 (December 1933), p. 185, ill.
Mack 1935
Mack, Gerstle. Paul Cézanne. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1935, pl. 33.
Iavorskaia 1935a
Iavorskaia, Nina. Cézanne. Moscow: Ogiz-Izogiz, 1935, pl. 47.
Faure 1936
Faure, Élie. Cézanne. Paris: Editions Braun, 1936, pl. 58.
Guenne 1936
Guenne, Jacques. "Paul Cézanne et le drame de la peinture." L'Art vivant (Paris), no. 204 (1936), ill. p. [152].
Laprade 1936
Laprade, Jacques de. "L'exposition Cézanne à l'Orangerie." Beaux-arts: Chronique des arts et de la curiosité, no. 177 (May 22, 1936), ill. p. 9, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Raynal 1936
Raynal, Maurice. Cézanne. Paris: Editions de Cluny, 1936, pl. CI p. 136.
Rydbeck 1936
Rydbeck, Ingrid. "Apropå Cézanne." Konstrevy (Stockholm) XII, no. 5 (1936), ill. p. 139, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Sterling 1936
Sterling, Charles. "Cézanne et les maîtres d'autrefois." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 19, nos. 5-6 (May–June 1936), p. 9, fig. 4, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Rewald 1936a
Rewald, John. "Cézanne et son oeuvre." L'Art sacré: revue mensuelle, special number, Cézanne (May 1936), p. 10, fig. 27 p. 30, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Huyghe 1936b
Huyghe, René. "Cézanne et son oeuvre." L'Amour de l'art 17, no. 5 (May 1936), fig. 81, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Venturi 1936b
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 719, ill. vol. II, as Grandes baigneuses.
Huyghe 1936d
Huyghe, René. Cézanne. Paris: Plon, Éditions d'Art et d'Histoire, 1936, pl. 38.
Art News 1936a
"Cezanne's Paintings and Watercolors Exhibited in Fine One Man Loan Show at the Paris Orangerie." The Art News XXXIV, 39 (Aug. 15, 1936), p. 5, ill.
Beaux-arts 1937
"Les 'Baigneuses' de Cézanne au musée de Philadelphie." Beaux-arts: Chronique des arts et de la curiosité, no. 255 (Nov. 19, 1937), ill. p. 1, as Baigneuses.
Francastel 1937
Francastel, Pierre. L'impressionnisme: Les origines de la peinture moderne de Monet à Gauguin. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1937, fig. 23, as Bathers, dated 1900; private collection.
Novotny 1937
Novotny, Fritz. Cézanne. Vienna: Phaidon, 1937, pl. 87.
Vauxcelles 1937
Vauxcelles, Louis. "Les tableaux les plus chers du monde." Le Monde illustré (Paris) (November 27, 1937), pp. 833-834, ill. p. 834, as Baigneuses.
Vollard 1937
Vollard, Ambroise. Souvenirs d'un marchand de tableaux. Paris: Albin Michel, 1937, pl. 3.
Magazine of Art 1937b
"Field Notes, News of Federation Chapters and Several Arts Cézanne Bathers." Magazine of Art 30, no. 12 (December 1937), p. 745, ill., as Les grandes baigneuses.
Art News 1937c
"Cézanne's Great 'Bathers' Comes to America: Another Philadelphia Event." The Art News 36 (November 13, 1937), p. 8, ill., as Les grandes baigneuses.
Art Quarterly 1938
"Recent Outstanding Acquisitions of American Museums." Art Quarterly (Spring 1938), p. 146, ill.
Bazin 1938
Bazin, Germain. "Cézanne et la Montagne Sainte-Victoire." L'Amour de l'art 19, no. 10 (December 1938), ill. p. 381.
Gaunt 1938
Gaunt, William. "Paul Cézanne: An Essay in Valuation of the Ideals and Achievements of the Greatest Amateur of an Amateur Age in Painting." Studio 116, no. 564 (September 1938), p. 145, ill.
Goldwater 1938
Goldwater, Robert J. "Cézanne in America: The Master's Paintings in American Collections." Art News Annual 36, no. 26 (March 26, 1938), p. 134, ill.
Zervos 1938
Zervos, Christian. Histoire de l'art contemporain. Paris: Éditions Cahiers d'art, 1938, p. 41, ill.
Barnes and de Mazia 1939
Barnes, Albert C., and Violette de Mazia. The Art of Cézanne. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1939, no. 190, p. 284, ill. (analysis pp. 391–93).
Cogniat 1939a
Cogniat, Raymond. Cézanne. Paris: Pierre Tisné, 1939, pl. 103.
Wilenski 1940
Wilenski, R.H. Modern French Painters. New York: Reynal & Hitchcock, 1940, fig. 49.
Vaughan 1943
Vaughan, Malcolm. "An Author's Eye for Painting." Art News 42 (November 1, 1943), p. 15, ill.
Laporte 1944
Laporte, Paul M. "Cézanne and Whitman." Magazine of Art 37, no. 6 (October 1944), p. 225, ill.
Jewell 1944a
Jewell, Edward Alden. Paul Cézanne. New York: Hyperion Press, 1944, p. 22, ill (captioned Water-color 7 1/2 x 10 1/2 Courtesy of Maitland, LA).
Jewell 1944b
Jewell, Edward Alden. French Impressionists and Their Contemporaries. New York: Hyperion Press, 1944, p. 133, ill.
Schildt 1946
Schildt, Göran. Cézanne. Stockholm: Wahlström & Widstrand, 1946, fig. 54.
Bazin 1947
Bazin, Germain. L'Epoque impressionniste. Paris: P. Tisné, 1947, pl. 68, as Les grandes baigneuses, 1895-1905.
Novotny 1947
Novotny, Fritz. Cézanne. London: Phaidon Press, 1947, pl. 86, as Baigneuses, 1900-1906.
Dorival 1948
Dorival, Bernard. Cézanne. Paris: Pierre Tisné, 1948, pl. 166, listed p. 174.
Jedlicka 1948
Jedlicka, Gotthard. Cézanne. Berne: Alfred Scherz Verlag, 1948, fig. 50.
Kimball and Venturi 1948
Kimball, Fiske, and Lionello Venturi. Great Paintings in America: One Hundred and One Masterpieces in Color. New York: Coward-McCann, 1948, no. 92, ill.
Rewald 1948b
Rewald, John. Paul Cézanne: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1948, fig. 111.
Guerry 1950
Guerry, Liliane. Cézanne et l'expression de l'espace. Paris: Flammarion, 1950, fig. 21.
Novotny 1950
Novotny, Fritz. "Cézanne als Zeichner." Wiener Jahrbuch für Kunstgeschichte 14 (1950), p. 232.
Rewald 1950a
Rewald, John. Cézanne. London: Phoenix House, 1950, fig. 87.
Louchheim 1952
Louchheim, Aline Bernstein. "Cezanne: Link in Art." The New York Times (New York) (April 6, 1952), p. 22, ill., as The Bathers.
Storey 1952
Storey, Benjamin. "Retrospettiva Cézanne." Emporium 115, no. 689 (May 1952), p. 202, ill.
Schapiro 1952a
Schapiro, Meyer. Cézanne. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1952, pp. 116–17, ill.
Hofmann 1953
Hofmann, Werner. Paul Cézanne (1839-1906). Munich, Vienna, Basel: Kurt Desch, 1953, pl. 25, as Badende Frauen, 1898-1905.
Rousseau 1953
Rousseau, Théodore, Jr. Paul Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1953, pl. 25.
Raynal 1954
Raynal, Maurice. Cézanne. Geneva: Skira, 1954, p. 115, ill.
Berger 1955
Berger, Klaus. "Poussin's Style and the XIX Century." Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 45, periode 6 (March 1955), p. 163, fig. 2, as The Bathers.
Beucken 1955
Beucken, Jean de. Un portrait de Cézanne. Paris: Gallimard, [1955], pp. 296-97, 308, 314, 319.
Art et Style 1955a
Rousseau, Théodore, Jr. Art et Style. 34, De David à Toulouse-Lautrec dans les collections et musées américains. Paris, 1st trimester, 1955, ill. in b/w (n.p.), as Les grandes baigneuses.
Saxl 1957
Saxl, Fritz. A Heritage of Images: A Selection of Lectures by Fritz Saxl. London: Penguin Books, 1957, fig. 144.
Berthold 1958
Berthold, Gertrude. Cézanne und die alten Meister. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1958, p. 42, fig. 59.
Canaday 1959
Canaday, John. Mainstreams of Modern Art. New York: Holt, 1959, p. 357, fig. 433.
Frankfurter 1959
Frankfurter, Alfred M. "Midas on Parnassus." Art News Annual 28 (1959), p. 39, ill.
Neumeyer 1959
Neumeyer, Alfred. Paul Cézanne: Die Badenden. Stuttgart: Philip Reclam, 1959, figs. 8, 9 (detail), 10 (detail), 11 (detail), 12 (detail).
Rewald 1959a
Rewald, John. Cézanne, Geffroy et Gasquet, suivi de Souvenirs sur Cézanne de Louis Aurenche et de lettres inédites. Paris: Quatre Chemins-Editart, 1959, fig. 15.
Hofmann 1960
Hofmann, Werner. Das irdische Paradies. Munich: Prestel, 1960, no. 118.
Schack 1960
Schack, William. Art and Argyrol: The Life and Career of Dr. Albert C. Barnes. New York: Thomas Yoseloff, 1960, pp. 267–71.
Reff 1960a
Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne and Poussin." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 23, nos. 1–2 (January–June 1960), p. 173, as Grandes baigneuses.
Novotny 1961
Novotny, Fritz. Cézanne. London: Phaidon, 1961, pls. 43, 44 (detail).
Perruchot 1961
Perruchot, Henri. Dix Grands Peintres. Paris: Gauthier-Languereau, 1961, p. 143.
Taillandier 1961
Taillander, Yvon. P. Cézanne. Milan: Antonio Vallardi, 1961, p. 81.
Waldfogel 1962
Waldfogel, Melvin. "A Problem in Cézanne's 'Grandes Baigneuses.'" The Burlington Magazine 104, no. 710 (May 1962), pp. 203 and 204, fig. 33.
Feist 1963
Feist, Peter Heinz. Paul Cézanne. Leipzig: E.A. Seemann, 1963, pp. 38, 56, pl. 84.
Berger 1965
Berger, John. The Success and Failure of Picasso. Penguin Books, 1965, fig. 37, p. 75, as Les grandes baigneuses, 1898-1906.
Haftmann 1965b
Haftmann, Werner. Malerei im 20. Jahrhundert: eine Bild-Enzyklopädie. Munich: Prestel, 1965, listed p. 405, fig. 4 p. 20, as Die Badenden, 1898-1905.
Guerry 1966
Guerry, Liliane. Cézanne et l'expression de l'espace. Paris: Albin-Michel, 1966, pl. 58.
Leonhard 1966
Leonhard, Kurt. Paul Cézanne in Selbstzeugnissen und Bilddokumenten. Rheinbek bei Hamburg: Rowohlt, 1966, p. 139, ill.
Martini and Negri 1967
Martini, Alberto, and Renata Negri. Cézanne e il post-impressionismo. Milan: Fabbri, 1967, pl. XII.
Murphy 1968
Murphy, Richard W. The World of Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Time-Life Books, 1968, pp. 114–15.
Novotny 1968
Novotny, Fritz. Über das "Elementare" in der Kunstgeschichte und andere Aufsätze. Vienna: Verlag Brüder Rosenbaum, 1968, p. 84.
Schapiro 1968
Schapiro, Meyer. "The Apples of Cézanne: An Essay on the Meaning of Still-Life." Art News Annual 34 (1968), p. 48, pl. 17.
Ikegami 1969
Ikegami, Chuji. Cézanne. Tokyo: Shueisha, 1969, pl. 63.
Badt 1971
Badt, Kurt. Das Spätwerk Cézannes. Konstanz: Universitätsverlag, 1971, p. 52, ill.
Brion 1971
Brion, Marcel. Cézanne. Milan: Fratelli Fabbri, 1971, ill. pp. 62, 63.
Cherpin et al. 1972
Cherpin, Jean et al. "L'Oeuvre gravé de Cézanne." Arts et Livres de Provence (Marseille) 82 (1972), ill. p. [59], as Les grandes baigneuses.
Erpel 1973
Erpel, Fritz. Paul Cézanne. Berlin: Henschelverlag, 1973, no. 28.
Schapiro 1973
Schapiro, Meyer. Paul Cézanne. Translated by Louis-Marie Ollivier. Paris: Nouvelles Editions Françaises, 1973, pl. 44, with comments.
Elgar 1975
Elgar, Frank. Cézanne. New York: Praeger, 1975, fig. 139.
Geist 1975
Geist, Sidney. "The Secret Life of Paul Cézanne." Art International 19, no. 9 (November 20, 1975), p. 7, ill.
Wadley 1975
Wadley, Nicholas. Cézanne and His Art. London: Hamlyn, 1975, pl. 59.
Tsiakma 1977
Tsiakma, Katia. "Cézanne's and Poussin's Nudes." Art Journal 37, no. 2 (Winter 1977), figs. 19 and 24 (detail), and detail on cover.
Rubin 1977a
Rubin, William, ed. Cézanne: The Late Work. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1977. Exhibition catalogue, pl. 189.
Reff 1977b
Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne's Late Bather Paintings." Arts Magazine 52, no. 2 (October 1977), p. 116, fig. 3.
Reff 1977c
Reff, Theodore. "Painting and Theory in the Final Decade." In Cézanne: The Late Work. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1977. Exhibition catalogue, p. 43, ill.
Embiricos 1978
Embiricos, Georges A. "Cézanne et la répétition." Connaissance des Arts, no. 315 (May 1978), p. 72, ill. p. 73.
Geist 1978
Geist, Sidney. "What Makes 'The Black Clock' Run." Art International 22, no. 2 (February 1978), p. 13, ill.
Shiff 1978
Shiff, Richard. "Seeing Cézanne." Critical Inquiry 4, no. 4 (Summer 1978), fig. 1.
Venturi 1978
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne. Geneva: Skira, 1978, p. 126, ill.
Osborne 1979
Osborne, Harold. "Cubism, Cézanne, and Perceptual Realism." In Abstraction and Artifice in Twentieth Century Art. Oxford: Clarendon Press; New York: Oxford University Press, 1979, p. 66.
Krumrine 1980
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Cézanne's Bathers: Form and Content." Arts Magazine 54, no. 9 (May 1980), pp. 115, 117–18, fig. 3.
Ponente 1980
Ponente, Nello. Paul Cézanne. Bologna: Capitol, 1980, pl. 35.
Van Liere 1980
Van Liere, Eldon N. "Solutions and Dissolutions: The Bather in Nineteenth Century French Painting." Arts 54, no. 9 (May 1980), p. 113, fig. 27.
Plazy 1981
Plazy, Gilles. Cézanne. Fribourg: Editions Medea, 1981, pp. 56–57.
Ponente 1981
Ponente, Nello, ed. Cézanne e le avanguardie. Rome: Officina Edizioni, 1981, Covre: pl. 2.
Güse 1982
Güse, Ernst-Gerhard. "Franz Marc und August Macke 'Paradies' (1912) - Das Wandbild aus dem Atelier Mackes in Bonn." In Die Gemälde von Franz Marc und August Macke im Westfälischen Landesmuseum Münster. Münster: Westfälischen Landesmuseum für Kunst und Kulturgeschichte, 1982, p. 22, fig. 30, as Große Badende.
Arrouye 1982a
Arrouye, Jean. La Provence de Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Edisud, 1982, pp. 98–99, ill.
Ballas 1983
Ballas, Guila. "Unknown Sources for Cézanne's Women Bathers." In Norms and Variations in Art: Essays in Honor of Moshe Barasch. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, Hebrew University, 1983, p. 185.
Faxon 1983
Faxon, Alicia. "Cézanne's Sources for 'Les Grandes Baigneuses.'" The Art Bulletin 65, no. 2 (June 1983), fig. 1.
Thomson 1983
Thomson, Belinda. The Post-Impressionists. London: Phaidon Press, 1983, pl. 3.
Barskaya 1983a
Barskaya, Anna and Evgenia Georgievskaia. Paul Cézanne: Bilder aus Museen der Sowjetunion. Leningrad: Aurora Art Publishers, 1983, ill. p. 43.
Butler 1984
Butler, Marigene. "An Investigation of the Materials and Technique Used by Paul Cézanne." American Institute for Conservation. 1984, ill.
Gache-Patin 1984
Gache-Patin, Sylvie. "Musée d'Orsay, Galerie du Jeu de Paume: douze œuvres de Cézanne de l'ancienne collection Pellerin." La Revue du Louvre et des musées de France 34, no. 2 (1984), fig. 14 p. 141.
Shiff 1984
Shiff, Richard. Cézanne and the end of Impressionism: a study of the theory, technique, and a critical evaluation of modern art. Chicago; London: The Univesity of Chicago Press, 1984, pp. 216-217, fig. 54, as Grandes baigneuses, 1906.
Wetzel 1984
Wetzel, Christoph. Paul Cézanne: Leben u. Werk. Stuttgart/Zurich: Belser, 1984, p. 74/75, ill. in color.
Brettell 1986
Brettell, Richard. "The Bartletts and the 'Grande Jatte:' Collecting Modern Painting in the 1920s." Art Institute of Chicago Museum Studies 12, no. 2 (1986), p. 109, discussed, fig. 5.
Pickvance and Takumi 1986
Pickvance, Ronald, and Hideo Takumi. Cézanne. Tokyo: Tokyo Shimbun, 1986. Exhibition catalogue, p. 80, ill.
Rewald 1986b
Rewald, John. Cézanne: A Biography. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1986, p. 218, ill.
Erpel 1988
Erpel, Fritz. Paul Cézanne. Berlin: Henschelverlag, 1988, no. 39.
Kendall 1988
Kendall, Richard, ed. Cézanne: By Himself. London: Macdonald, 1988, p. 268, ill.
Lévêque 1988
Lévêque, Jean Jacques. La Vie et l'oeuvre de Paul Cézanne. Courbevoie: ACR, 1988, p. 199, ill. in color.
Plazy 1988
Plazy, Gilles. Cézanne ou la peinture absolue. Paris: Editions Liana Levi, 1988, p. 151, ill. in color.
Teboul 1988
Teboul, Jacques. Les Victoires de Cézanne. Paris: Adam Biro, 1988, no. 33, ill.
Düchting 1989
Düchting, Hajo. Paul Cézanne: Natur wird Kunst. Cologne: Benedict Taschen Verlag, 1989, p. 149, ill.
Geelhaar 1989
Geelhaar, Christian. "The Painters Who Had the Right Eyes: On the reception of Cézanne's Bathers." In Paul Cézanne: The Bathers. Basel: Kunstmuseum Basel, 1989. Exhibition catalogue, p. 297, fig. 235, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Lewis 1989
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. Cézanne's Early Imagery. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989, p. 204.
Rewald 1989
Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, pp. 112, 239–40, fig. 63.
Wadley 1989
Wadley, Nicholas. Cézanne and His Art. London: Hamlyn, 1989, p. 65, ill. in color.
Krumrine 1989a
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "'Les Baigneuses' de Cézanne du Musée Granet." Impressions du Musée Granet, no. 3 (September 1989), fig. 3.
Krumrine 1989b
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Paul Cézanne: The Bathers." In Paul Cézanne: The Bathers. Basel: Museum of Fine Arts, 1989. Exhibition catalogue, ill. 179 p. 215.
Paas 1990
Paas Sigrun. "Betrachtungen zu Blau in der Malerei des 19. Jahrhunderts." In Blau: Farbe der Ferne, Hans Gercke (editor). Heidelberg: Das Wunderhorn, 1990. Exhibition catalogue, p. 162-163, ill. p. 161, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Coutagne 1990d
Coutagne, Denis. "Sainte-Victoire d'après Cézanne." In Sainte-Victoire: Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Musée Granet, 1990, p. 242, fig. 210.
Gasquet 1991
Gasquet, Joachim. Joachim Gasquet's Cézanne. Translated by C. Pemberton. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1991, p. 79, ill.
Shiff 1991
Shiff, Richard. "Cézanne's Physicality: The Politics of Touch." In The Language of Art History, edited by Salim Kemal and Ivan Gaskell. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1991, p. 143, fig. 8.3
Naubert-Riser 1992
Naubert-Riser, Constance. Cézanne. London: Studio Editions, 1994, p. 137.
Verdi 1992
Verdi, Richard. Cézanne. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1992, p. 189, fig. 169.
Wattenmaker et al 1993
Wattenmaker, Richard et al. Great French Paintings from The Barnes Foundation. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1993. Exhibition catalogue, p. 160, fig. 2.
Bozal 1995
Bozal, Valeriano. "Paul Cézanne: la mirada es le leguaje." La Balsa de la Medusa (Madrid) 36 (1995), p. 98-99, ill. p. 97, as Grandes bañistas, c. 1906.
Clark 1995
Clark, T.J. "Freud's Cézanne." Representations, no. 52 (Autumn 1995), fig. 3.
Dossier de l'art 1995
Dossier de l'art. no. 25, Cézanne. Dijon: Editions Faton, September - October 1995, ill. pp. 64-65.
Patin 1995
Patin, Sylvie. Cézanne. Paris: Editions Hazan, 1995, p. 85.
Sollers 1995
Sollers, Philippe. Le Paradis de Cézanne. Paris: Gallimard, 1995, cover, p. 110-11, ill.
Cahn 1995b
Cahn, Isabelle. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Somogy Editions d'Art, 1995, pp. 122-23, ill.
Garb 1996
Garb, Tamar. "Visuality and Sexuality in Cézanne's Late Bathers." Oxford Art Journal 19, no. 2 (1996), p. 47, fig. 1.
Rewald 1996
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 857, ill. vol. 2 and p. 35, ill. col. vol. 1, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Serraller 1996
Serraller, Francisco Calvo. "Una revisión 'postmoderna' del arte del siglio XIX." Arte y Parte: revista de arte (Madrid) 2 (April-May 1996), ill. p. 8, as Bañistas, 1898-1905.
Gervais 1997
Gervais, David. "A Picture by Cézanne: 'Le Grand Baigneur.'" The Cambridge Quarterly 26, no. 2 (1997), fig. 5.
Martin 1999
Martin, François-René. "L'Arcadie, l'abstraction, l'ascèse. Baumeister et Cézanne." In Willi Baumeister et la France. Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 1999. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 25 et 35, fig. 3 p. 25, as Grandes baigneuses.
Benesch 2000
Benesch, Evelyn. "From the Incomplete to the Unfinished: Realisation in the Work of Paul Cézanne." In Cézanne: Finished, Unfinished. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, p. 61, fig. 29, as Grandes baigneuses.
Coutagne 2000
Coutagne, Denis. "Cézanne au fil de l'eau." In Au fil de l'eau. Aix-en-Provence: Ville d'Aix-en-Provence, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, ill. p. 34, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Lewis 2000
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. Cézanne. London: Phaidon, 2000, p. 316, fig. 200.
Feilchenfeldt 2000b
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Bathers." In Cézanne: Finished, Unfinished. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, p. 262, fig. 1, as Grandes baigneuses.
Ballas 2002
Ballas, Guila. Cézanne: baigneuses et baigneurs: thème et composition. Paris: Adam Biro, 2002, ill. pp. 91 and 261 (detail), p. 278, no. 27, ill., as Grandes baigneuses, 1906.
Coutagne 2002
Coutagne, Denis. "The Major Works in the Lauves Studio." In Atelier Cézanne, 1902–2002: Le centenaire. Aix-en-Provence: Société Paul Cézanne, 2002, fig. 12, ill. in color.
Rishel 2002
Rishel, Joseph J. "The Grand Window and Slot in the Studio Wall." In Atelier Cézanne, 1902–2002: Le centenaire. Aix-en-Provence: Société Paul Cézanne, 2002, fig. 4, ill. in color.
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer 2003
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, p. 227, fig. 5.32, as Grandes baigneuses.
Andersen 2004
Andersen, Wayne V. Cézanne and the Eternal Feminine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004, p. 225, fig. 109.
Baumann 2004
Baumann, Felix A., ed. Cézanne—Aufbruch in die Moderne. Essen: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2004. Exhibition catalogue, p. 183, ill., as Grandes baigneuses.
Karmel 2004
Karmel, Pepe. "Die Lehren des Meisters: Cézanne und der Kubismus." In Cézanne: Aufbruch in die Moderne. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz Verlag, 2004. Exhibition catalogue, p. 183.
Tosini 2005
Tosini, Aurora Scotti. "Paul Cézanne (1839–1906)." In Cézanne, Renoir. Milan: Skira, 2005. Exhibition catalogue, p. 55, ill.
Feilchenfeldt 2005c
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Cézannes Motive: Versuch einer neuen Ordnung." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel, Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 214, ill.
Conisbee 2006c
Conisbee, Philip. "The Atelier des Lauves." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 237, fig. 13, as Grandes baigneuses.
D'Souza 2008
D'Souza, Aruna. Cézanne's Bathers. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2008, pl. 11, ill.
Machotka 2008
Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 310; vol. 2, p. 209, as Les grandes baigneuses.
Simms 2008
Simms, Matthew. Cézanne's watercolors: between drawing and painting. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2008, p. 171, fig. 121.
Elderfield 2009
Elderfield, John. "Picasso's Extreme Cézanne." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 240, pl. 66, as The Large Bathers.
Coutagne 2011d
Coutagne, Denis. Cézanne abstraction faite. Paris: Les Editions du Cerf, 2011, p. 232, fig. 161.
Florman 2012
Florman, Lisa. "Insistent, Resistant Cézanne: On Picasso's 'Three Women' and 'Les Demoiselles d'Avignon.'" Notes on the History of Art 31/32, no. 4/1 (Summer 2012/Fall 2012), fig. 3.
Galassi 2012
Galassi, Susan Grace. "Visions of Arcadia." The Burlington Magazine 154, no. 1314 (September 2012), fig. 66, as The Large Bathers, 1900-06.
Lewis 2012
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. "Cézanne and the Louvre." In Cézanne and the Past: Tradition and Creativity. Budapest: Museum of Fine Arts, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, p. 111, fig. 65, p. 110 (detail).
Rishel 2012c
Rishel, Joseph J. "Cézanne, Virgil, Poussin." In Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, p. 162, fig. 155, as The Large Bathers, dated 1900-06.
Colrat 2013
Colrat, Jean. Cézanne: Joindre les mains errantes de la nature. Paris-Sorbonne: PUPS, 2013, p. 286, pl. 130.
Rey 2013
Rey, Xavier. "Courbet, Cézanne: Le nu en question." In Courbet/Cézanne: La vérité en peinture. Lyon: Fage éditions, 2013. Exhibition catalogue, p. 97, fig. 8.
Benedetti 2013b
Benedetti, Maria Teresa. "Gli artisti italiani e Cézanne." In Cézanne et gli artisti italiani del '900. Milan: Skira, 2013. Exhibition catalogue, p. 45, fig. 42.
Elderfield, Morton, Rey 2017
Elderfield, John, Mary Morton, Xavier Rey. Cézanne Portraits. Paris: Musée d'Orsay and Editions Gallimard, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, p. 271, fig. 98.
Warman 2017
Warman, Jayne. "Chronologie." In Cézanne Portraits. Paris: Musée d'Orsay and Editions Gallimard, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, p. 271, fig. 98.
Lobstein 2017a
Lobstein, Dominique. "Biographie." In Paul Cezanne, Le chant de la terre. Martigny: Fondation Pierre Gianadda, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, p. 362, ill.
Shiff 2017a
Shiff, Richard. "Mimetic Cézanne." In Cézanne and the past : tradition and creativity [international symposium, Budapest, Museum of Fine Arts, 28 January 2013]. Budapest: Museum of Fine Arts, 2017, fig. 3.
Warman 2017a
Warman, Jayne. "Chronology." In Cézanne Portraits. London and Princeton, NJ.: National Portrait Gallery Publications and Princeton University Press, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 108.
Armstrong 2018
Armstrong, Carol. Cézanne's Gravity. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 2018, fig. 97.
Martigny 2019
Trésors Impressionnistes, La collection Ordrupgaard. Martigny, 2019. Exhibition catalogue, p.. 92, ill., as Les grandes baigneuses.
Société Paul Cezanne 2019
Cezanne, Jas de Bouffan: art et histoire. Under the scientific direction of Denis Coutagne and François Chédeville. Lyon; Aix-en-Provence: Fage édition; Société Paul Cezanne, 2019, fig. 235 p. 253.
Dauberville 2020
Dauberville, Guy-Patrice, and Floriane Dauberville. Paul Cezanne chez Bernheim-Jeune. Paris: Editions G-P.F. Dauberville & Archives Bernheim-Jeune, 2020, no. 241, ill., as Nus or Grandes baigneuses.
Dombrowski, Ireson and Patry 2021
Dombrowski, André, Nancy Ireson, and Sylvie Patry, eds. Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa in association with The Barnes Foundation, 2021, p. 304, fig. 5, as The Large Bathers, dated 1900–06.
Shiff 2021
Shiff, Richard. "Sensation Abstracted." In Cezanne to Malevich, Arcadia to Abstraction. Budapest: Museum of Fine Arts, 2021. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 1.
Haskell 2022
Haskell, Caitlin. "Cezanne's Refusal." In Cezanne. Chicago: Art Institute of Chicago, 2022, p.36, fig. 1.
Record last updated June 8, 2023. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "Grandes baigneuses, 1906 (FWN 981)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=832 (accessed on March 28, 2024).