The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne
An Online Catalogue Raisonné under the Direction of Société Paul Cezanne
(Formerly directed by Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash)
FWN 668
Mardi gras
1888
Alternate titles: Fasching; Fastnacht; Giovedi grasso; Le Mardi Gras; Mardi Gras; Mardi-gras; Pierrot and Harlequin (Mardi Gras); Pierrot en Harlekijn; Pierrot und Harlekin; Pierrot und Harlekin (Mardi gras); Vastenavond
Rewald (618): 1888; Venturi revised: 1888; Venturi (552): 1888; Rivière: 1888; Gowing: 1888
Oil on canvas
40 3/16 x 31 7/8 in. (102 x 81 cm)
Provenance
Exhibition History
Bruno and Paul Cassirer, Berlin, III. Jahrgang der Kunst-Austellungen, Winter 1900/1901, November 2 - beginning of December 1900, no. 10, as Fasching, lent by Durand-Ruel, not for sale.
Secession, Vienna, Entwicklung des Impressionismus in Malerei u. Plastik: XVI. Ausstellung der Vereinigung bildender Künstler Österreichs, Secession, January–February 1903, no. 61, as Pierrot und Harlekin, lent by Durand-Ruel.
Grossherzoglichen Museum für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe, Weimar, Monet, Manet, Renoir, Cézanne, March 1904, Durand-Ruel (not for sale).
Salon d'Automne, Grand Palais, Paris, Salle Cézanne, October 15–November 15, 1904, no. 19, as Le Mardi Gras, lent by Durand-Ruel.
Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris, Cézanne, May 20–October 11, 1936, no. 72, pl. XIV, as Mardi gras, lent by Moscow.
New Burlington Galleries, London, Exhibition of Masters of French 19th Century Painting, October 1–31, 1936, no. 90, pl. VII, as Mardi gras, lent by Moscow.
Pushkin Museum, Moscow, French Art from the Fifteenth to the Twentieth Century, 1955, p. 57.
Hermitage Museum, Leningrad, Russian Federation, Paul Cézanne: 50 Years since His Death, 1956, no. 11, ill.
Hermitage Museum, Leningrad, Russian Federation, French Art from the Twelfth to the Twentieth Century, 1956, p. 55.
Hermitage Museum, Leningrad, Russian Federation, [Impressionist paintings on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the first exhibition in 1874], 1974, no. 52, ill. 1880-1890.
Pushkin Museum, Moscow, [Impressionist paintings on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the first exhibition in 1874], 1974–75, no. 47.
Villa Favorita, Lugano, Switzerland, Impressionisten und Post-Impressionisten aus sowjetischen Museen II, August 9–November 15, 1987, no. 17, ill., as Mardi Gras, c. 1888-90.
State Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, Cézanne and the Russian Avant-Garde, August 9–September 24, 1998, no. 25, ill., (dated 1888–90). Traveled to: Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, October 15–November 18, 1998 (exhibition catalogue in Russian; text by Albert Kostenevich).
Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany, Cézanne: Aufbruch in die Moderne, September 18, 2004–January 16, 2005, listed p. 232, ill. pp. 54 and 209, as Mardi gras.
Fondation Louis Vuitton, Paris, Icônes de l'art moderne, La collection Chtchoukine (Icons of Modern Art, The Shchukin Collection), October 22, 2016–March 5, 2017, pp. 377, 438, ill.
Staatliche Kunsthalle, Karlsruhe, Germany, Cézanne - Metamorphosen, October 28, 2017–February 11, 2018, no. 51, ill.
Published References
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Die Kunst. 7, Edouard Manet und sein Kreis, Richard Muther, ed. Berlin: Julius Bard Verlag, 1902, ill. between pp. 30 and 31, as Mardi gras.
Hevesi, Ludwig. "Wiener Brief: Der Impressionismus in der Secession." Kunstchronik: Wochenschrift für Kunst und Kunstgewerbe Neue Folge XIV, no. 15 (February 6, 1937), col. 236, as Pierrot und Harlekin.
Heilbut, Emil. "Die Impressionistenausstellung der Wiener Secession." Kunst und Künstler 1 (1902-03), ill. p. 191, as Fastnacht.
Duret, Théodore. Histoire des peintres impressionnistes: Pissarro, Claude Monet, Sisley, Renoir, Berthe Morisot, Cézanne, Guillaumin. Paris: H. Floury, 1906, ill. p. 181.
Meier-Graefe, Julius. "Paul Cézanne." In Impressionisten: Guys, Manet, van Gogh, Pissarro, Cézanne. Munich and Leipzig: R. Piper & Co., 1907, ill. p. 193, as Mardi gras.
Pica, Vittorio. Gl'Impressionisti Francesi. Bergamo: Istituto Italiano d'Arti Grafiche, 1908, p. 198, ill., as Giovedi grasso.
Dreyfus, Albert. "Paul Cézanne." Zeitschrift für bildende Kunst 24, no. 9 (June 1913), p. 204, ill.
"A Private Collection in Germany That Contains Fourteen Examples of the Art of Paul Cezanne, a Great Modern, Who Already Is Placed with the Old Masters, in Darmstadt." New York Times, July 6, 1913, ill. p. 15, as Mardi Gras, ca. 1885, Staboukine [sic] collection.
Tugendhold, Yakov. "Collection Shchukin." Apollon, no. 1-2 (January-February 1914), pp. 36–37, ill.
Vollard, Ambroise. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Vollard, 1914, pls. 17 and 44, as Le Mardi Gras.
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne und sein Kreis: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte: mit 127 Tonätzungen und fünfzehn Heliogravüren. Munich: R. Piper, 1918, ill. p. 175.
Fahraeus, Klas. "Paul Cézanne." Ord och Bild 4 (1919), p. 41, ill., as Mardi-gras, dated 1888.
Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne und sein Kreis: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte: mit 171 Tonätzungen und einem Lichtdruck. Munich: R. Piper, 1922, ill. p. 211.
Rivière, Georges. Le Maître Paul Cézanne. Paris: Librairie Floury, 1923, p. 217, listed.
Ternovietz, Boris Nikolaevich. "Le Musée d'Art moderne de Moscou (Anciennes collections Stchoukine et Morosoff)." L'Amour de l'art 6, no. 12 (December 1925), p. 470, ill. p. 469, as Mardi gras, 1888.
Ettinger, Paul. "Die modernen Franzosen in den Kunstsammlungen Moskaus." Der Cicerone 18, no. 4 (1926), p. 111, ill. p. 113.
Catalogue du Musée d'art occidental moderne. Moscow: Museum of Modern Western Art, 1928, no. 549.
Réau, Louis. "III: Musée d'art occidental moderne à Moscou." In Catalogue de l'art français dans les musées russes. Paris: A. Colin, 1929, no. 731.
Becker, John. "The Museum of Modern Western Painting in Moscow—Part I." Creative Art 10 (March 1932), p. 190, ill.
Olmenhove, van den. "Kunst: Paul Cézanne." Verf en kunst: maandblad van P. A. Regnault's verf-, inkt- en blikfabrieken (Surabaya) 4, no.10, no.11, no.12 (1935), ill. p. 8 (no.10), as Vastenavond, 1888.
Besson, George (introduction). "Paul Cézanne: 1839–1906." Estampes. Paris: Braun & Cie, August 1936 (no. 4), fig. 4 p. 3.
Tolnay, Charles de. "Cézanne et la peinture en Europe." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 19, nos. 5-6 (May–June 1936), ill. p. 4, as Mardi-gras.
Huyghe, René. "Cézanne et son oeuvre." L'Amour de l'art 17, no. 5 (May 1936), fig. 57 p. 176, as Mardi-gras, c. 1888.
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 552, ill. vol. II, as Mardi-gras.
Vollard, Ambroise. Souvenirs d'un marchand de tableaux. Paris: Albin Michel, 1937, pl. 2.
Rewald, John. "A propos du catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre de Paul Cézanne et de la chronologie de cette œuvre." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 20, nos. 3-4 (March–April 1937), pp. 54 et 55, as Mardi-gras.
Zervos, Christian. Histoire de l'art contemporain. Paris: Éditions Cahiers d'art, 1938, p. 31, ill.
Barnes, Albert C., and Violette de Mazia. The Art of Cézanne. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1939, no. 106, ill. p. 239 (analysis pp. 353–54).
Duret, Théodore. Histoire des peintres impressionnistes. Paris: Librairie Floury, 1939, p. 170.
Niehaus, Kasper. "Paul Cézanne, redder der schilderkunst." De Telegraaf (Amsterdam), January 15, 1939, ill. p. 9, as Pierrot en Harlekijn.
Loran, Erle. Cézanne's Composition. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1943, pp. 57–58, pl. 9.
"L'Art moderne français dans…le Musée d'Art Moderne Occidentale." Cahiers d'Art (1950), no. 5, listed p. 338, as Mardi-gras, 1888.
Hess, Walter. "Zum Bild des Menschen in der Kunst Cézanne." Die Kunst und das schöne Heim, no. 9 (June 1957), p. 339, ill.
Sterling, Charles. Musée de l'Ermitage: La Peinture française de Poussin à nos jours. Paris: Cercle d'art, 1957, pl. 89.
Balzer, Wolfgang. Der Französische Impressionismus: Die Hauptmeister in der Malerei. Dresden: Verlag der Kunst, 1958, no. 103, ill., as Pierrot und Harlekin (Mardi gras).
Sterling, Charles. Great French Painting in the Hermitage Museum, Leningrad. New York: Abrams, 1958, pl. 89.
Descargues, Pierre. The Hermitage Museum, Leningrad. New York: Thames and Hudson, 1961, pp. 216–17, ill.
Chappuis, Adrien. Les dessins de Paul Cézanne au cabinet des estampes du Musée des beaux-arts de Bâle. Olten and Lausanne: Urs Graf, 1962, vol. 1, p. 94, fig. 59.
Feist, Peter Heinz. "Harmonie Parallel zur Natur, zur Malerei Paul Cezannes." Bildende Kunst 1 (1962), p. 19, ill.
Murphy, Richard W. The World of Cézanne, 1839–1906. New York: Time-Life Books, 1968, p. 108.
Rewald, John. "Chocquet et Cézanne." Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 74, periode 6 (July–August 1969), pp. 65, 80; p. 82, no. 1.
Reff, Theodore. "Harlequins, Saltimbanques, Clowns, and Fools." Artforum 10, no. 2 (October 1971), p. 38, ill. p. 39.
Schapiro, Meyer. Paul Cézanne. Translated by Louis-Marie Ollivier. Paris: Nouvelles Editions Françaises, 1973, p. 40, ill.
Sedova, Tat'jana Alekseevna. From Manet to Picasso. Moscow: Izdatelʹstvo Izobrazitelʹnoe Iskusstvo, 1974, no. 32, ill.
Adriani, Götz. Paul Cézanne. Zeichnungen. Cologne: DuMont, 1978. Exhibition catalogue, p. 323, ill., as Mardi Gras.
Monneret, Sophie. Cézanne, Zola . . . La fraternité du génie. Paris: Denoël, 1978, ill. p. 33.
Monneret, Sophie. L'Impressionnisme et son époque: dictionnaire international illustré. Paris: Denoël, 1978, vol. 1, ill. p. 127.
Kuznetsova, Irina Aleksandrovna, and Evgenia Georgievskaia. French Painting from the Pushkin Museum: 17th to 20th Century. Leningrad: Aurora, 1979, no. 182, ill.
Barskaya, Anna and Evgenia Georgievskaia. Paul Cézanne: Bilder aus Museen der Sowjetunion. Leningrad: Aurora Art Publishers, 1983, pp. 136-137, pl. 25-27.
Bessonova, Marina, and William Williams. Impressionism and Post-Impressionism: The Hermitage, Leningrad, The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, and the National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York: Park Lane, 1986, p. 167, ill.
Gowing, Lawrence. Paul Cézanne: The Basel Sketchbooks. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1988. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 21 p. 33, listed p. 146.
Distel, Anne. Les Collectionneurs des impressionnistes: Amateurs et marchands. Paris: La Bibliothèque des arts, 1989, p. 135, ill.
Düchting, Hajo. Paul Cézanne: Natur wird Kunst. Cologne: Benedict Taschen Verlag, 1989, p. 157, ill.
Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, pp. 34, 37, fig. 12.
Cachin, Françoise, and Joseph Rishel. Cézanne. Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 1995. Exhibition catalogue, p. 63, ill.
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 618, ill. vol. 2 and p. 30, ill. col. vol. 1, as Mardi gras.
Reff, Theodore. Review of The Paintings of Paul Cézanne: A Catalogue Raisonné, by John Rewald, in collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. The Burlington Magazine 139, no. 1136 (November 1997), p. 801, questions Rewald's date because it seems based on recollections of artist's son.
Schmidt, Katharina. "Cézannes letztes Stilleben." In Cézanne, Picasso, Braque: Der Beginn des kubistischen Stillebens. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 1998. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 12.
Feilchenfeldt, Christina. "Portraits." In Cézanne: Finished, Unfinished. Ostfildern-Ruit: Hatje Cantz, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, p. 152, fig. 2, as Mardi gras.
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. "The Path to Les Lauves: A History of Cézanne's Studios." In Atelier Cézanne, 1902–2002: Le centenaire. Aix-en-Provence: Société Paul Cézanne, 2002, fig. 22, ill. in color.
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, p. 52, 93, fig. 2.42, as Mardi gras.
Dittmann, Lorenz. Die Kunst Cézannes: Farbe, Rythmus, Symbolik. Cologne: Böhlau, 2005, p. 158, ill. in b/w.
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Zur Rezeptionsgeschichte Cézannes in Deutschland." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel,
Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 134, ill.
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Cézannes Motive: Versuch einer neuen Ordnung." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel, Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 207, ill.
Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 254; vol. 2, p. 169, as Mardi gras.
Kostenevich, Albert. "Liubov Popova: From Cézanne to Utopia." In Cézanne and Beyond. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art; New Haven: In association with Yale University Press, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, p. 327, ill., as Mardi Gras.
Echte, Bernhard and Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Sammlungen Paul Cézanne, Louis Corinth, […], 2. November bis Anfang Dezember 1900." Kunstsalon Bruno & Paul Cassirer: Die Ausstellungen 1898-1901. vol. 1, «Das Beste aus aller Welt zeigen». Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2011, p. 346, ill.
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. "Cézanne and the Louvre." In Cézanne and the Past: Tradition and Creativity. Budapest: Museum of Fine Arts, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, p. 109, fig. 64, as Mardi gras.
Distel, Anne. "Victor Chocquet – 'le plus grand collectionneur français depuis les rois.'" In Victor Chocquet – Freund und Sammler der Impressionisten, Renoir, Cézanne, Monet, Manet. Bern and Munich: Bundesampt für Kultur and Hirmer Verlag, 2015. Exhibition catalogue, p. 63, pl. 39.
Kropmanns, Peter. "Paul Durand-Ruel und Victor Chocquet – zwei frühe Föderer der Impressionisten." Kunstchronik vol. 69, no. 1 (January 2016), p. 28, fig. 5.
Kitschen, Friederike. "Das Papierne Museum: Julius Meier-Graefe und die Vergegenwärtigung Paul Cézannes in Bild und Wort." In Julius Meier-Graefe: Grenzgänger der Künste, Becker, Ingeborg and Stephanie Marchal (editors). Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2017, pp. 180-182, fig. 1 p. 181 (reproduction of ill. in Meier-Graefe 1902), as Mardi gras.
Elderfield, John. "Dr. Barnes's Cézanne." In Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa, 2021, fig. 8, as Pierrot and Harlequin (Mardi Gras).
Clark, T.J. If These Apples Should Fall, Cézanne and the Present. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 2022, pl. 68.
Nagaï, Takanori. Truth in Panting: The Meaning of Cezanne's Practices for Modernizing Society. Tokyo: Sangesha Publishers Inc., 2022, pl. 38.
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Record last updated June 25, 2019. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "Mardi gras, 1888 (FWN 668)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=600 (accessed on December 13, 2024).