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Catalogue entry

Peter Schälchli, Zürich; © Remagen, Arp Museum Bahnhof Rolandseck / Sammlung Rau für UNICEF, GR 1.905
FWN 96
La Mer à l'Estaque
1876
Alternate titles: Blick auf das Meer bei L'Estaque; L'Estaque; Landscape, Study after Nature (The Sea at L'Estaque); Méditerranée or L'Estaque; Paysage: Etude d'après nature; Paysage; Etude d'après nature; The Sea at L'Estaque
Rewald (279): 1876; Venturi revised: 1876–77; Cézanne fils: L'Estaque 1878; Venturi (168): 1876; Cooper: summer 1876; Ratcliffe: summer 1876
Oil on canvas
16 1/2 x 23 3/16 in. (42 x 59 cm)
Signed lower right in red: P. Cezanne
Vollard archives: photo no. 248, Annotated by Cezanne's son: L'Estaque 1878
Private collection (on extended loan to the National Gallery, London, since March 2019)

Keywords

Provenance
Victor Chocquet, Paris;
Mme veuve Chocquet (née Marie Buisson) (1891);
Chocquet Collection, Galerie G. Petit, Paris, July 1–4, 1899, no. 2 (as La Méditerranée)
Josse and Gaston Bernheim-Jeune, Paris (1899); seized by the Nazis from the Bernheim-Jeune gallery safe, 1940
Sam Salz, New York
Mr. and Mrs. Richard Bernhard, New York;
Wildenstein Galleries, New York
Private collection, Switzerland (1975)
Sotheby's, London, June 30 1981, no. 8, ill.
Gustav Rau, Zurich;
Fondation Rau pour le Tiers-Monde, Zurich;
UNICEF Foundation, Cologne (Bequest of Gustav Rau, 2001); conciliation agreement signed in 2003 between Bernheim-Jeune heirs and UNICEF attesting that Dr, Rau and consequently UNICEF have property rights to the painting
Private collection
Exhibition History
1877 Paris
6, rue Le Peletier, Paris, Troisième exposition de peinture, opening April 4, 1877, no. 22, 23, 24 or 25, as Paysage; Etude d'après nature.
1914a Paris
Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, Paris, Paul Cézanne, January 6–17, 1914, no. 19, as L'Estaque, lent by Private collection.
1926b Paris
Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, Paris, Exposition rétrospective Paul Cézanne (1839-1906) au profit de la caisse du Monument Cézanne, June 1–30, 1926, no. 57, as L'Estaque, lent by Bernheim-Jeune; shown in an installation photo in Dauberville, 2020, p. 117.
1936c Paris
Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris, Cézanne, May 20–October 11, 1936, no. 35, pl. XXIII, as L'Estaque, lent by Josse Bernheim-Jeune.
1958b New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Paintings from Private Collections: Summer Loan Exhibition, 1958, no. 12, as L'Estaque, lent by Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Bernhard.
1960a New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Paintings from Private Collections: Summer Loan Exhibition, 1960, no. 8, lent by Mr. and Mrs. Richard J. Bernhard.
1961e New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Paintings from Private Collections: Summer Loan Exhibition, 1961, no. 9, lent by Mrs. Richard J. Bernhard.
1962c New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Paintings from Private Collections: Summer Loan Exhibition, July 3–September 3, 1962, no. 6, lent by Mrs. Richard J. Bernhard.
1963c New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Paintings from Private Collections: Summer Loan Exhibition, 1963, no. 6.
1968 New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, New York Collects: Paintings, Watercolors and Sculpture from Private Collections, July 3–September 2, 1968, no. 26, as L'Estaque, lent by Mrs. Richard J. Bernhard.
1986b Washington, D.C. and traveling
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., The New Painting, Impressionism: 1874–1886, January 17–April 6, 1986, no. 43, ill., as Paysage: Etude d'après nature, c. 1876, Private collection, Switzerland. Traveled to: de Young Memorial Museum, San Francisco, April 19–July 6, 1986.
1993 Tübingen
Kunsthalle, Tübingen, Germany, Cézanne Gemälde, January 16–May 2, 1993, no. 19, ill.
1994 Marseille
Musée Cantini, Marseille, France, L'Estaque, naissance du paysage moderne, 1870–1910, June 25–September 25, 1994, no. 9, ill. dated 1882–85.
1995 London
Royal Academy of Arts, London, From Manet to Gauguin: Masterpieces from Swiss Private Collections, June 30–October 8, 1995, no. 4, ill.
1995–96 Paris and traveling
Grand Palais, Paris, Cézanne, September 26, 1995–January 14, 1996, no. 44, ill. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, February 8–April 28, 1996; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, May 26–September 1, 1996.
2000–01 Paris and traveling
Musée du Luxembourg, Paris, De Fra Angelico à Bonnard: Chefs-d'oeuvre de la Collection Rau, July 12, 2000–January 4, 2001, no. 55, ill. in color, pp. 150–51. Traveled to: Dayton Art Institute, Dayton, Ohio, September 4, 2004–May 30, 2005.
2011–12 Tübingen
Kunsthalle Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany, Cézanne, Renoir, Picasso & Co., September 17, 2011–January 29, 2012, listed p. 283, ill. pp. 54–55 and cover, as Blick auf das Meer bei L'Estaque, lent by Arp Museum Bahnhof Rolandseck/Sammlung Rau fur UNICEF.
2017–18 Remagen
Arp Museum Bahnhof Rolandseck, Remagen, Germany, Henry Moore. Vision, Creation, Obsession, May 28, 2017–January 7, 2018, no. 54, ill., as The Sea at L'Estaque.
Published References
Bernheim-Jeune 1914
Bernheim-Jeune, ed. Cézanne. With contributions by O. Mirbeau, T. Duret, L. Werth, et al. Paris: Editions Hollande, 1914, pl. XXXIX.
Bernheim-Jeune 1919
Bernheim-Jeune, ed. L'Art moderne et quelques aspects de l'art d'autrefois: cent-soixante-treize planches d'après la collection privée de MM. J. & G. Bernheim-Jeune, poèmes de Henri de Régnier , 2 vols. Paris: Bernheim-Jeune, 1919, pl. 24.
Venturi 1936b
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 168, ill. vol. II, as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Rewald 1937a
Rewald, John. "A propos du catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre de Paul Cézanne et de la chronologie de cette œuvre." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 20, nos. 3-4 (March–April 1937), p. 54, as ...paysage ...
Commandement en chef français 1947
Commandement en chef français en Allemagne. Répertoire des biens spoliés en France durant la guerre 1939-1945, tome II, tableaux - tapisseries - sculpture (List of Property removed from France during the war 1939-1945, Volume 2, paintings, tapestries and sculpture). G. Glasser, directeur des réparations et restitutions. Berlin, 1947, p. 327, no. 7407, 34.572 , ill. p. 341 t, as L'Estaque, 42 x 50cm, Jean Bernheim Jeune.
Dorival 1948
Dorival, Bernard. Cézanne. Paris: Pierre Tisné, 1948, pl. 35, listed p. 148.
Guerry 1950
Guerry, Liliane. Cézanne et l'expression de l'espace. Paris: Flammarion, 1950, p. 83.
Ratcliffe 1960
Ratcliffe, Robert W. "Cézanne's Working Methods and Their Theoretical Background." London: Courtauld Institute of Art, University of London, 1960, dated summer 1876.
Rewald 1961
Rewald, John. The History of Impressionism. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 1961, p. 375, ill.
Rewald 1969
Rewald, John. "Chocquet et Cézanne." Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 74, periode 6 (July–August 1969), pp. 46, 50, fig. 8 p. 45; p. 82, no. 2.
Rewald 1986d
Rewald, John. "Chocquet and Cézanne." In Studies in Impressionism, Edited by Irene Gordon and Frances Weitzenhoffer. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1986, p. 135, fig. 72, as L'Estaque.
Verdi 1992
Verdi, Richard. Cézanne. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1992, p. 76, fig. 52.
Bonafoux 1995
Bonafoux, Pascal. Cézanne: portrait. Paris: Editions Hazan, 1995, p. 109, ill.
Lartigue 1995
Lartigue, Charles de. Les paysages de Paul Cézanne. Lyon: Les Créations du Pélican, 1995, p. 93, ill.
Patin 1995
Patin, Sylvie. Cézanne. Paris: Editions Hazan, 1995, p. 61.
Schmitt 1995
Schmitt, Evmarie. Cézanne in der Provence. München and New York: Prestel, 1995, pp. 50-1.
Coutagne 1995b
Coutagne, Denis. "Les paysages." Dossier de l'art (Dijon), no. 25 (September - October 1995), ill. pp. 10-11, 1883-86.
Coutagne et al. 1996
Coutagne, Denis, et al. Les Sites Cézanniens du Pays d'Aix: Hommage à John Rewald. Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 1996, p. 98.
Rewald 1996
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 279, ill. vol. 2, as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Smith 1996
Smith, Paul. Interpreting Cézanne. London: Tate Publishing, 1996, p. 11, fig. 3, as Landscape, Study after Nature (The Sea at L'Estaque).
Lewis 2000
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. Cézanne. London: Phaidon, 2000, p. 119, fig. 69.
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer 2003
Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, p. 113, fig. 3.11, as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Kear 2003
Kear, Jonathan. "Leaving L'Estaque. Cézanne's Imagery of Provence in teh 1880s." Art on the Line, 2003, pp. 7–8, fig. 2.
Pissarro 2005
Pissarro, Joachim. Pioneering Modern Painting: Cézanne & Pissarro 1865–85. New York: The Museum of Modern Art, 2005. Exhibition catalogue, p. 57, fig. 56.
Mothe et al. 2006
Mothe, Alain, et al. Cézanne à Auvers-sur-Oise. Saint-Ouen-L'Aumône: editions du Valharmeil, 2006, p. 118, ill.
Serrano 2006
Serrano, Véronique. "Cézanne's L'Estaque: Something More Secret." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 130, fig. 9, as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Conisbee 2006a
Conisbee, Philip. "Cézanne's Provence." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 14, fig. 15, as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Machotka 2008
Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 105; vol. 2, p. 86, as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Blanc 2013
Blanc, Geneviève. L'Estaque, Art et Patrimoine, Chronique d'une double histoire. Gémenos: Groupe Horizon, 2013, p. 183, ill.
Cézanne 2013
Cézanne, Paul. The Letters of Paul Cézanne. Edited and translated by Alex Danchev. London and Los Angeles: Thames & Hudson; Getty Publications, 2013, p. 160, n. 1, ill. p. 157.
Pola Museum of Art 2015
Cézanne: Pioneer of Modern Art. Kanagawa: Pola Museum of Art, Pola Art Foundation, 2015. Exhibition catalogue, p. 48, fig. 9.
Warman 2015
Warman, Jayne. "Chocquet und Cézanne – eine einzigartige Freundschaft." In Victor Chocquet – Freund und Sammler der Impressionisten, Renoir, Cézanne, Monet, Manet. Bern and Munich: Bundesamt für Kultur and Hirmer Verlag, 2015. Exhibition catalogue, p. 101, pl. 58.
Kendall 2017
Kendall, Richard. "Cézanne and His Early Critics." In Cézanne Metamorphoses. Munich and Karlsruhe: Prestel and Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 6.
Blanc 2019
Blanc, Geneviève. L'Oeuvre de Cezanne à L'Estaque, Huiles – Aquarelles – Dessins, 1864–1885. Marseille: Éditions Gaussen, 2019, fig. 27 (discussion p. 35), as La Mer à l'Estaque.
Blanc 2020
Blanc, Geneviève. Et si L'Estaque m'était contée? [privately published], 2020, p. 20, ill. with photo of motif.
Dauberville 2020
Dauberville, Guy-Patrice, and Floriane Dauberville. Paul Cezanne chez Bernheim-Jeune. Paris: Editions G-P.F. Dauberville & Archives Bernheim-Jeune, 2020, no. 122, ill., as Méditerranée or L'Estaque, photograph of work in the Bernheim-Jeune residence at 107 avenue Henri Martin, pp. 6 and 7.
Smith 2020
Smith, Paul. "Vermilion, or why Cézanne took the shine off things." Word & Image 36, nio. 1 (2020), p. 69, ill.
Cezanne 2021
Cézanne, Philippe. Paul Cezanne dépeint par ses contemporains. Lyon: Fage éditions, 2021, fig. 42.
Notes

Cézanne, stayed in L'Estaque with Hortense Fiquet and their son Paul from June to the end of August 1876. While there he wrote on July 2nd to Camille Pissarro: "J'ai commencé deux petits motifs où il y a la mer, pour Monsieur Chocquet, qui m'en avait parlé – C'est comme une carte à jouer.  Des toits rouges sur la mer bleue. Si le temps devient propice peut-être pourrais-je les pousser jusqu'au bout." (Corréspondance, Paris, 1978, p. 195) The second painting, which Chocquet never received, may have been La Baie de l'Estaque vue de l'est, c.1876–79 (97), completed later.

Record last updated March 24, 2022. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "La Mer à l'Estaque, 1876 (FWN 96)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=279 (accessed on April 26, 2024).