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The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne
An Online Catalogue Raisonné under the Direction of Société Paul Cezanne
(Formerly directed by Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash)
Catalogue entry
FWN 900
Le Baigneur au rocher
1867–69 (possibly earlier)
Alternate titles: Badender in Landschaft; Baigneur au rocher; Bather and Rocks; Bather at a Rock; Homme nu; Le Baigneur au rocher, d'après Courbet; The Bather
Rewald (29): 1867–69 (possibly earlier); Venturi revised: 1866–67; Venturi (83 (detail)): 1864–1868; Cooper: 1864–65; Gowing: 1861 (Burlington) and circa 1860–62 (London)
Mural transferred to canvas
66 x 41 1/2 in. (167.6 x 105.4 cm)
Provenance
Jas de Bouffan, Aix-en-Provence
Louis Granel, Aix-en-Provence
Jos. Hessel, Paris
(Georges Bernheim, Paris?)
Marius de Zayas, New York
Alphonse Kann, Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Paul Rosenberg, New York
Walter P. Chrysler, Jr., New York (February 15, 1955);
Chrysler Art Museum, Norfolk (1971)
Exhibition History
1912 Aix-en-Provence
Galerie Audin, Aix-en-Provence, France, [Exposition rétrospective réunissant des œuvres de Loubon, Monticelli, Du Veyrier ... et Turner], May 11–25, 1912.1921c New York
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Impressionist and Post-Impressionist Paintings, May 3–September 15, 1921, no. 3, ill., detail, as The Bather, lent by anon. [de Zayas].1951 New York
Paul Rosenberg & Co, New York, Major French Paintings, November 26–December 15, 1951, no. 5.1952 Chicago and traveling
The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cézanne: Paintings, Watercolors & Drawings, A Loan Exhibition, February 7–March 16, 1952, no. 3, ill. lent by Rosenberg. Traveled to: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, April 1–May 16, 1952.1952 New York
Paul Rosenberg & Co, New York, Ingres to Lautrec, October 27–November 22, 1952, no. 15.1956–57 Portland and traveling
Portland Art Museum, Portland, Oregon, Paintings from the Collection of Walter P. Chrysler, Jr., March 3–April 15, 1956, no. 76, ill., p. 120. Traveled to: Seattle Art Museum, Seattle, April 28–May 27, 1955; California Palace of the Legion of Honor, San Francisco, June 12–July 1, 1956; Institute of the Arts, Minneapolis, opening September 8, 1956; City Art Museum, St. Louis, October 19–November 19, 1956; William Rockhill Nelson Gallery of Art, Kansas City, Missouri, December 2–30, 1956; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, opening March 8, 1957; Institute of the Arts, Detroit; Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles.1977 Nashville
Tennessee Fine Arts Center at Cheekwood, Nashville, Tennessee, Treasures from the Chrysler Museum, June 12–September 5, 1977, no. 40, ill.1978 New York
Wildenstein Galleries, New York, Veronese to Franz Kline: Masterworks from the Chrysler Museum at Norfolk, April 13–May 13, 1978, no. 26, ill.1986–87 Norfolk and traveling
Chrysler Museum, Norfolk, Virginia, French Paintings from the Chrysler Museum, May 31, 1986–January 18, 1987, no. 32, ill. Traveled to: North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh, North Carolina, May 31–September 14, 1986; Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama, November 6, 1986–January 18, 1987.1995–96 Paris and traveling
Grand Palais, Paris, Cézanne, September 26, 1995–January 14, 1996, no. 10, ill. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, February 8–April 28, 1996; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, May 26–September 1, 1996.2004–05 Essen
Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany, Cézanne: Aufbruch in die Moderne, September 18, 2004–January 16, 2005, listed p. 230, ill. p. 58, as Le Baigneur au rocher (167.6 x 105.4 cm).2011–12 Milan
Palazzo Reale, Milan, Cézanne: Les ateliers du midi, October 20, 2011–February 26, 2012, no. 6, ill., as Le Baigneur au rocher.2012 Tokyo
National Art Center, Tokyo, Cézanne: Paris-Provence, March 28–May 11, 2012, no. 18, ill.2013 Aix-en-Provence and Marseille
Musée Granet and Musée des Beaux-Arts, palais Longchamp, Aix-en Provence and Marseille, France, Le Grand Atelier du Midi: de Cézanne à Matisse [Musée Granet, Aix-en-Provence]; de Van Gogh à Bonnard [Musée des Beaux-Arts, palais Longchamp, Marseille], June 13–October 13, 2013, no. 102, ill., p. 171 (dated 1860–69), as Le Baigneur au rocher, shown in Aix.2016–17 Montpellier and traveling
Musée Fabre, Montpelier, France, Frédéric Bazille (1841-1870): la jeunesse de l'impressionnisme, June 25–October 16, 2016, no. 86, ill., as Le Baigneur au rocher, 1860-1866, lent by Chrysler Museum of Art, Norfolk. Traveled to: Musée d'Orsay, Paris, November 15, 2016–March 5, 2017; National Gallery, Washington, D.C., April 9–July 9, 2017.2021–22 New York
Jewish Museum, New York, Afterlives: Recovering the Lost Stories of Looted Art, August 20, 2021–January 9, 2022.Published References
Burger 1913
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1913, pl. 41, as Badender in Landschaft.Le Curieux 1918
Le Curieux. "Quatre panneaux décoratifs de Cézanne." La Renaissance de l'art français et des industries de luxe (Paris), vol. 1, no. 2 (April 1918), p. 34, as Homme nu.Burger 1919
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1919, p. 44.Coquiot 1919
Coquiot, Gustave. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Ollendorf, 1919, p. 41, as grosse Baigneuse.Burger 1920
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1920, pl. 44.Carroll 1921
Carroll, Raymond. "Art Atrocities Puzzles Critics." Evening Public Ledger (Philadelphia), September 7, 1921, p. 5, as The Bather.Fénéon 1921
F.[énéon], F.[élix]. "Ku Klux." Le Bulletin de la vie artistique 2, no. 20 (October 15, 1921), ill. p. 535 (as a Gauguin).Zeisho 1921
Zeisho, Atzouji. Paul Cézanne. Tokyo: Rakuyodo, Taisho, 1921, fig. 25.Burger 1923
Burger, Fritz. Cézanne und Hodler. Munich: Delphin Verlag, 1923, pl. 44.Faure 1923a
Faure, Élie. P. Cézanne. Paris, 1923, pl. 52 (detail).Venturi 1936b
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 83 (detail), ill. vol. II, as Le Baigneur au rocher.Dorival 1948
Dorival, Bernard. Cézanne. Paris: Pierre Tisné, 1948, pl. III, listed p. 175 (juxtaposed with The Bathers by Courbet in the Musée Fabre, Montpellier).Cooper 1955a
Cooper, Douglas. "Au Jas de Bouffan." L'Oeil 2 (February 15, 1955), pp. 15–16.Berthold 1958
Berthold, Gertrude. Cézanne und die alten Meister. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1958, listed p. 154.Reff 1960d
Reff, Theodore. "Reproductions and Books in Cézanne's Studio." Gazette des beaux-arts, vol. 56, periode 6 (November 1960), note 57 p. 309.Gazette des beaux-arts 1967
"[Aquisitions des musées du monde entier]." La Chronique des arts: supplément à la Gazette des beaux-arts, no. 1176 (February 1967), p. 100, no. 353, ill., as Le Baigneur au rocher, c. 1864-68.Ashton 1980
Ashton, Dore. A Fable of Modern Art. New York and London: Thames & Hudson, 1980, fig. 5.Ballas 1983
Ballas, Guila. "Unknown Sources for Cézanne's Women Bathers." In Norms and Variations in Art: Essays in Honor of Moshe Barasch. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, Hebrew University, 1983, p. 184, n. 23 (compares Courbet, F. 140, to this bather; Cézanne owned a photo of that painting).Gowing 1988a
Gowing, Lawrence. "The Early Work of Paul Cézanne." In Cézanne: The Early Years 1859-1872. London: Royal Academy of Arts, 1988. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 3.Lewis 1989
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. Cézanne's Early Imagery. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989, p. 88.Krumrine 1996
Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Paris and London: Cézanne." The Burlington Magazine 138, no. 1117 (April 1996), fig. 47 p. 266, as Baigneur au rocher, c. 1867-69.Rewald 1996
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 29, ill. vol. 2 and p. 23, ill. col. vol. 1, as Le Baigneur au rocher.Smith 1996
Smith, Paul. Interpreting Cézanne. London: Tate Publishing, 1996, p. 32, fig. 24, as Bather and Rocks.Coutagne 1997
Coutagne, Denis. "Approche contradictoire d'un thème: Le Jas de Bouffan chez Cézanne." In Cézanne aujourd'hui. Paris: Editions de la Réunion des Musées Nationaux, 1997, p. 80.Gervais 1997
Gervais, David. "A Picture by Cézanne: 'Le Grand Baigneur.'" The Cambridge Quarterly 26, no. 2 (1997), fig. 2.Coutagne 2000
Coutagne, Denis. "Cézanne au fil de l'eau." In Au fil de l'eau. Aix-en-Provence: Ville d'Aix-en-Provence, 2000. Exhibition catalogue, ill. p. 22, as Le Baigneur au rocher.Ballas 2002
Ballas, Guila. Cézanne: baigneuses et baigneurs: thème et composition. Paris: Adam Biro, 2002, p. 278, no. 92, ill. (mural before division), p. 303, no. 216, ill., as Le Baigneur au rocher, d'après Courbet, c. 1867-69.Tuma 2002
Tuma, Kathryn A. "Cézanne and Lucretius at the Red Rock." Representations vol. 78, no. 1 (Spring 2002), p. 75, fig. 2.Lewis 2004
Lewis, Mary Tompkins. "Cézanne's Paintings in the Grand Salon at Jas de Bouffan." In Jas de Bouffan: Cézanne, Société Paul Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Hexagone, 2004, fig. 62, ill. in color.Conisbee 2006a
Conisbee, Philip. "Cézanne's Provence." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 8, fig. 5, as Le Baigneur au rocher.Coutagne 2006b
Coutagne, Denis. "The Jas de Bouffan." In Cézanne in Provence. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art and New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 81, fig. 8, as Le Baigneur au rocher.Coutagne 2013a
Coutagne, Denis. "Courbet/Cézanne, La vérité en peinture." In Courbet/Cézanne, La vérité en peinture. Lyon: Fage éditions, 2013. Exhibition catalogue, p. 31, fig. 5.Nagaï 2016
Nagaï, Takanori. "Cézanne and Jas de Bouffan." In Le "basho" dans l'art moderne français. Tokyo: Sangensha, 2016, p. 114, ill.Perrin 2016
Perrin, Paul. "Scène d'été." In Frédéric Bazille (1841-1870): la jeunesse de l'impressionnisme. Paris: Flammarion, 2016. Exhibition catalogue, p. 143, fig. 89 p. 142 (cat. no. 86), as Le Baigneur au rocher, 1860-1866.Freudenberg 2017
Freudenberg, Inken. "The Chimerical Pursuit of Art, Paul Cézanne and Gustave Flaubert: An Affinity Explored." In Cézanne Metamorphoses. Munich and Karlsruhe: Prestel and Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, fig. 6.Société Paul Cezanne 2019
Cezanne, Jas de Bouffan: art et histoire. Under the scientific direction of Denis Coutagne and François Chédeville. Lyon; Aix-en-Provence: Fage édition; Société Paul Cezanne, 2019, figs. 101, 117 (digital reconstitution of mural before division), 225 pp. 117, 132, 240 (fig. 227 digital reconstitution of the Jas de Bouffan's Grand Salon after 1867 p. 243).Elderfield 2020a
Elderfield, John. "Excavations." In Cézanne, The Rock and Quarry Paintings. Princeton: Princeton University Art Museum; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2020. Exhibition catalogue, p. 9, fig. 9, as Bather at a Rock, dated 1867–69.Dombrowski, Ireson and Patry 2021
Dombrowski, André, Nancy Ireson, and Sylvie Patry, eds. Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa in association with The Barnes Foundation, 2021, p. 294, fig. 1, as Bather and Rocks, dated c. 1860–66.Ruppen 2021a
Ruppen, Fabienne. "Tiefenschürfungen: Cézannes Fels- und Steinbruchmalerei." Kunstchronik 74, no. 6 (June 2021), fig. 3, as Le Baigneur au rocher.Notes
See remarks for no. 5.
Gustave Courbet, Les Baigneuses, 1853. Musée Fabre, Montpellier
Mural painted on the wall of the Jas de Bouffan before it was removed and divided into three sections
