Catalogue entry

FWN 657

La Lutte d'amour

c.1880

Alternate titles: Der Liebeskampf; La lucha del amor; La Lutte; La lutte amoureuse; La Lutte d'amour, II; Liebesfest; Liebeskampf; Lutte d'amour; Lutteurs amoureux; Struggling Lovers; The Battle of Love

Rewald (456): c.1880; Venturi revised: 1880–81; Venturi (380): 1875–76; Vollard: 1885

Oil on canvas

14 15/16 x 18 1/8 in. (38 x 46 cm)

Vollard archives: photo no. 130, Annotated by Cezanne's son: circa 1885

National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (Gift of the W. Averell Harriman Foundation in memory of Marie N. Harriman)

Keywords

Figure compositions:
- figure(s) in landscape or figure composition »
Figure compositions
Bathers and Nudes:
- female nude(s) / femme nue(s) »
- male nude(s) / homme(s) nu(s) »
Animals:
- dog / chien »

Provenance

Ambroise Vollard, Paris

Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Cagnes

(Ambroise Vollard, Paris?)

Gottlieb Friedrich Reber, Lausanne (by Autumn 1912)

Paul Rosenberg, Paris and New York

Mr. and Mrs. W. Averell Harriman, New York (1931);

National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C. (1972)

Exhibition History

1895 Paris

Galerie Vollard, Paris, Paul Cézanne, November 11–December 15, 1895, Renoir buys.

1912 Barmen

Kunstverein, Ruhmeshalle, Barmen, Germany, Sammlung Reber: Ausstellung alter und neuerer Meister, Autumn 1912, no. 23, tentative identification.

1913 Darmstadt

Mathildenhöhe, Darmstadt, Germany, Sammlung G.F. Reber, mid-May–mid-June, 1913, no. 14, as Lutteurs amoureux.

1913a Berlin

Paul Cassirer, Berlin, XV. Jahrgang, 1912–1913, Dritte Ausstellung, Sammlung Reber, Beginning January - January 20, 1913, no. 24, as Lutteurs amoureux.

1927 Hamburg

Kunstverein, Alte Kunsthalle, Hamburg, Germany, Europäische Kunst der Gegenwart, Zentenarausstellung des Kunstvereins, July 31–October 2, 1927, no. 175, as Lutteurs amoureux, lent by Reber, Lugano.

1927 Frankfurt am Main

Kunstverein, Frankfurt, Germany, Ausstellung Französischer Meister des XIX Jahrhunderts aus Frankfurter Privatbesitz ergänzt durch sechs Gemälde von Cézanne als Leihgabe der Sammlung G.F. Reber, Lugano, October 16–November 16, 1927, no. 5, as Liebeskampf.

1933a New York

Marie Harriman Gallery, New York, French Paintings, February 21–March 15, 1933, no. 8.

1934 Philadelphia

Pennsylvania Museum of Art, Philadelphia, Cézanne, November–December 1934, no. 20, ill., (dated 1885), as Lutte d'amour, lent by Harriman Gallery.

1936d New York

Marie Harriman Gallery, New York, Cézanne, Derain and Others, February 17–March 14, 1936, no. 2, as La Lutte d'amour.

1936 Toledo

Toledo Museum of Art, Toledo, Ohio, Cézanne and Gauguin, November 1–December 13, 1936, no. 18, ill., as La Lutte d'amour, lent by Marie Harriman Gallery, New York.

1936–37 Columbus

Columbus Gallery of Fine Arts, Columbus, Ohio, Five Major Paintings by Paul Cézanne, December 16, 1936–January 15, 1937.

1937 San Diego

San Diego Museum, San Diego, 1937.

1937 San Francisco

San Francisco Museum of Art, San Francisco, Paul Cézanne: Exhibition of Paintings, Water-colors, Drawings and Prints, September 1–October 4, 1937, no. 6, ill. lent by Harriman Gallery.

1938c New York

Galerie Durand-Ruel, New York, Cézanne, March 28–April 19, 1938, no. 13.

1939d New York

Knoedler Galleries, New York, Classics of the Nude, April 10–29, 1939, no. 26.

1939h New York

Marie Harriman Gallery, New York, Cézanne: Centennial Exhibition, November 7–December 2, 1939, no. 3, as La Lutte d'amour, lent by Harriman.

1945 Dayton

The Dayton Art Institute, Dayton, Ohio, The Little Show, 1945.

1947 Cincinnati

Cincinnati Art Museum, Cincinnati, Paintings by Paul Cézanne, February 5–March 9, 1947, no. 2, ill. lent by Harriman.

1947b New York

Wildenstein Galleries, New York, Cézanne, March 27–April 26, 1947, no. 12, ill. lent by Harriman.

1952 Chicago and traveling

The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cézanne: Paintings, Watercolors & Drawings, A Loan Exhibition, February 7–March 16, 1952, no. 19, ill. lent by Harriman. Traveled to: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, April 1–May 16, 1952.

1953c Paris

Orangerie, Paris, Monticelli et le baroque provençal, June 19–September 15, 1953, no. 18, pl. XXXI, as La Lutte d'amour, c. 1875-1876, lent by M. and Mme W. Averell Harriman, New York.

1956 The Hague

Haags Gemeentemuseum, The Hague, the Netherlands, Paul Cézanne, June 1–August 1, 1956, no. 15, ill. lent by Harriman.

1956 Aix-en-Provence

Pavillon de Vendôme, Aix-en-Provence, France, Exposition pour commémorer le cinquantenaire de la mort de Cézanne, July 21–August 15, 1956, no. 22, ill. lent by Harriman.

1956 Zurich

Kunsthaus, Zurich, Paul Cézanne, August 22–October 7, 1956, no. 27, pl. 13.

1958b New York

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Paintings from Private Collections: Summer Loan Exhibition, 1958, no. 19, as La Lutte d'amour, lent by Governor and Mrs. W. Averell Harriman.

1959e New York

Wildenstein Galleries, New York, Loan Exhibition: Cézanne, November 5–December 5, 1959, no. 12, ill. lent by Harriman.

1961 Washington, D.C.

National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., The Marie and Averell Harriman Collection, April 15–May 14, 1961, ill., p. 12.

1963b New York

Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, Cézanne and Structure in Modern Painting, June–August 1963.

1974 Tokyo and traveling

National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo, Cézanne, March 30–May 19, 1974, no. 28. Traveled to: Municipal Museum, Kyoto, Japan, June 1–July 17, 1974; Cultural Center, Fukuoka, Japan, July 24–August 18, 1974.

1980 Birmingham, Ala.

Birmingham Museum of Art, Birmingham, Alabama, Fifty Years of French Painting: The Emergence of Modern Art, February 1–March 30, 1980, no. 15.

1981 Cincinnati

Taft Museum, Cincinnati, Small Paintings from Famous Collections, April 4–June 7, 1981.

1984 Madrid

Museo Español de Arte Contemporáneo, Madrid, Paul Cézanne, March 9–April 1984, no. 26.

1988–89 Washington, D.C.

Phillips Collection, Washington, D.C., The Pastoral Landscape: The Modern Vision, November 6, 1988–January 22, 1989, no. 116, fig. 213.

1989 Basel

Kunstmuseum, Basel, Switzerland, Paul Cézanne: Die Badenden, September 10–December 10, 1989, no. 41, pl. 36.

2006–07 New York and traveling

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, Cézanne to Picasso: Ambroise Vollard, Patron of the Avant-Garde, September 14, 2006–January 7, 2007, no. 34, fig. 41, pp. 40, 339, as La Lutte d'amour, II. Traveled to: The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, February 17–May 13, 2007; Musée d'Orsay, Paris, June 19–September 16, 2007.

2008 Humlebæk

Louisiana Museum of Art, Humlebæk, Denmark, Cézanne & Giacometti: Paths of Doubt, February 20–June 29, 2008, no. 15, ill. p. 174, as La Lutte d'amour, II, lent by NGA, Washington, D.C.

2011–12 Paris

Musée du Luxembourg, Paris, Cézanne et Paris, October 12, 2011–February 26, 2012, no. 52, ill., p. 107, as La Lutte d'amour, lent by National Gallery, Washington, D.C.

2015–16 Minneapolis and traveling

Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minneapolis, Delacroix and the Rise of Modern Art, October 18, 2015–January 16, 2016, no. 20, ill. Traveled to: National Gallery, London, February 17–May 22, 2016.

Published References

New York Times 1913

"A Private Collection in Germany That Contains Fourteen Examples of the Art of Paul Cezanne, a Great Modern, Who Already Is Placed with the Old Masters, in Darmstadt." New York Times, July 6, 1913, p. 15, as Struggling Lovers.

Waldmann 1913a

Waldmann, Emil. "Die Sammlung Reber." Kunst und Künstler 11, no. 9 (1913), p. 450.

Vollard 1914

Vollard, Ambroise. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Vollard, 1914, pl. 38, as La Lutte.

Meier-Graefe 1918a

Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne und sein Kreis: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte: mit 127 Tonätzungen und fünfzehn Heliogravüren. Munich: R. Piper, 1918, ill. opposite p. 160.

Jaloux 1920

Jaloux, Edmond. "Souvenirs sur Paul Cézanne." L'Amour de l'art 1, no. 8 (December 1920), ill. p. 285, as La Lutte.

Waldmann 1920

Waldmann, Emil. Sammler und ihresgleichen. Berlin: B. Cassirer, 1920, ill. opp. p. 32.

Meier-Graefe 1922

Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne und sein Kreis: ein Beitrag zur Entwicklungsgeschichte: mit 171 Tonätzungen und einem Lichtdruck. Munich: R. Piper, 1922, ill. p. 194.

Wedderkop 1922b

Wedderkop, Harro von. Paul Cézanne. Leipzig: Klinkhardt und Biermann, 1922, ill.

Vollard 1923

Vollard, Ambroise. Paul Cézanne: His Life and Art. Translated by Harold L. van Doren. New York: Nicholas Brown, 1923, ill. opp. p. 136.

Grohmann 1927

Grohmann, Will. "Das neue Europa auf der Zentenarausstellung in Hamburg." Der Cicerone 19, no. 16 (1927), p. 505, ill., as Der Liebeskampf.

Pfister 1927

Pfister, Kurt. Cézanne: Gestalt, Werk, Mythos. Potsdam: Gustav Kiepenheuer Verlag, 1927, fig. 91, as Liebesfest.

Waldmann 1927

Waldmann, Emil. Die Kunst des Realismus und des Impressionismus. Berlin: Propyläen-Verlag, 1927, p. 501, ill.

Meier-Graefe 1927a

Meier-Graefe, Julius. Cézanne. translated by J. Holroyd-Reece. London: Ernest Benn, 1927, pl. LXII.

Omnibus 1932

Omnibus, Almanach auf das Jahr 1932. Berlin and Düsseldorf: Galerie Flechtheim, 1932, ill p. [154], as Liebeskampf, watercolor [sic], Lausanne, Reber collection.

Venturi 1936b

Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 380, ill. vol. II, as La Lutte d'amour.

Novotny 1937

Novotny, Fritz. Cézanne. Vienna: Phaidon, 1937, pl. 21.

Rewald 1937a

Rewald, John. "A propos du catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre de Paul Cézanne et de la chronologie de cette œuvre." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 20, nos. 3-4 (March–April 1937), p. 56.

Goldwater 1938

Goldwater, Robert J. "Cézanne in America: The Master's Paintings in American Collections." Art News Annual 36, no. 26 (March 26, 1938), p. 17, ill.

Laporte 1944

Laporte, Paul M. "Cézanne and Whitman." Magazine of Art 37, no. 6 (October 1944), p. 226, ill.

Kuhn 1947

Kuhn, Walt. "Cézanne: Delayed Finale." Art News 46, no. 2 (April 1947), p. 15, ill.

Novotny 1947

Novotny, Fritz. Cézanne. London: Phaidon Press, 1947, pl. 19, as La lutte amoureuse, 1875-78.

Guerry 1950

Guerry, Liliane. Cézanne et l'expression de l'espace. Paris: Flammarion, 1950, p. 56.

Schapiro 1952a

Schapiro, Meyer. Cézanne. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1952, pp. 48–49, ill.

Beucken 1955

Beucken, Jean de. Un portrait de Cézanne. Paris: Gallimard, [1955], p. 175.

Walker 1956

Walker, John. Bellini and Titian at Ferrara. London: Phaidon, 1956, fig. 45, p. 92.

Reff 1960a

Reff, Theodore. "Cézanne and Poussin." Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 23, nos. 1–2 (January–June 1960), p. 172, as Lutte d'amour.

Beucken 1962

Beucken, Jean de. Cézanne. New York: Viking Press, 1962, p. 67, ill.

Guerry 1966

Guerry, Liliane. Cézanne et l'expression de l'espace. Paris: Albin-Michel, 1966, p. 73.

Lichtenstein 1967

Lichtenstein, Sara. "A Sheet of Cézanne's Copies after Delacroix." Master Drawings, vol. 5, no. 2 (Summer 1967), p. 183, fig. 1, as La Lutte d'amour.

Arnason 1968

Arnason, H. Harvard. History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Photography. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1968, p. 44, ill.

Schapiro 1968

Schapiro, Meyer. "The Apples of Cézanne: An Essay on the Meaning of Still-Life." Art News Annual 34 (1968), p. 39, pl. 12.

Schapiro 1973

Schapiro, Meyer. Paul Cézanne. Translated by Louis-Marie Ollivier. Paris: Nouvelles Editions Françaises, 1973, pl. 8, with comments.

Sutton 1974

Sutton, Denys. "The Paradoxes of Cézanne." Apollo (London) 100, no. 150 (August 1974), fig. 10 p. 103.

Elgar 1975

Elgar, Frank. Cézanne. New York: Praeger, 1975, fig. 36.

National Gallery of Art 1975

European Paintings: An Illustrated Summary Catalogue. Washington, D.C.: National Gallery of Art, 1975, no. 2587, p. 63 ill., as The Battle of Love.

Wadley 1975

Wadley, Nicholas. Cézanne and His Art. London: Hamlyn, 1975, pl. 51.

Schapiro 1978c

Schapiro, Meyer. "The Apples of Cézanne: An Essay on the Meaning of Still-Life." In Modern Art: Selected Papers. New York: George Braziller, 1978, fig. 12 and pl. II.

Kelder 1980

Kelder, Diane. The Great Book of French Impressionism. New York: Abbeville Press, 1980, p. 427, ill.

Krumrine 1980

Krumrine, Mary Louise. "Cézanne's Bathers: Form and Content." Arts Magazine 54, no. 9 (May 1980), p. 117, fig. 6.

Ballas 1983

Ballas, Guila. "Unknown Sources for Cézanne's Women Bathers." In Norms and Variations in Art: Essays in Honor of Moshe Barasch. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, Hebrew University, 1983, p. 185.

Ely 1984

Ely, Bruno. "Cézanne, L'Ecole de dessin et le Musée d'Aix." In Cézanne au Musée d'Aix. Aix-en-Provence: Musée Granet, 1984. Exhibition catalogue, ill. p. 190.

Von der Heydt Museum 1984

Von der Heydt Museum. Der westdeutsche Impuls 1900–1914, Kunst und Umweltgestaltung im Industriegebiet, Stadtenwicklung, Sammlungen, Austellungen. Günter Aust, ed.. Wuppertal: Von der Heydt Museum, 1984. Exhibition catalogue, ill. p. 147, as Liebeskampf, ex-Reber collection.

House 1985

House, John. Impressionist Masterpieces: National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York: Hugh Lauther Levin, 1985, fig. 16.

Bessonova and Williams 1986

Bessonova, Marina, and William Williams. Impressionism and Post-Impressionism: The Hermitage, Leningrad, The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts, Moscow, and the National Gallery of Art, Washington. New York: Park Lane, 1986, p. 157, ill.

Kendall 1988

Kendall, Richard, ed. Cézanne: By Himself. London: Macdonald, 1988, p. 115, ill.

Teboul 1988

Teboul, Jacques. Les Victoires de Cézanne. Paris: Adam Biro, 1988, no. 64, ill.

Düchting 1989

Düchting, Hajo. Paul Cézanne: Natur wird Kunst. Cologne: Benedict Taschen Verlag, 1989, p. 49, ill.

Lewis 1989

Lewis, Mary Tompkins. Cézanne's Early Imagery. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989, pp. 109–10, pl. XVIII.

Rewald 1989

Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, p. 219, fig. 106.

Wadley 1989

Wadley, Nicholas. Cézanne and His Art. London: Hamlyn, 1989, p. 66, ill. in b/w.

Coutagne 1990c

Coutagne, Denis. "Cézanne, tradition et modernité." In Sainte-Victoire: Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Musée Granet, 1990, p. 84, fig. 32.

Gasquet 1991

Gasquet, Joachim. Joachim Gasquet's Cézanne. Translated by C. Pemberton. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1991, p. 98, ill.

Verdi 1992

Verdi, Richard. Cézanne. London and New York: Thames & Hudson, 1992, p. 169, fig. 148.

Cachin and Rishel 1995

Cachin, Françoise, and Joseph Rishel. Cézanne. Paris: Réunion des musées nationaux, 1995. Exhibition catalogue, p. 204, fig. 1.

Cahn 1995b

Cahn, Isabelle. Paul Cézanne. Paris: Somogy Editions d'Art, 1995, p. 59, ill.

Navarro 1996

"Paul Cézanne: el ermitaño tentado." Lettra inernacional (Madrid) 43 (March-April 1196), ill. p. 65, as La lucha del amor, 1880.

Rewald 1996

Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 456, ill. vol. 2, as La Lutte d'amour, II.

Kropmanns and Fleckner 2001

Kropmanns, Peter, and Uwe Fleckner. "Von kontinentaler Bedeutung: Gottlieb Friedrich Reber und seine Sammlungen." In Die Moderne und ihre Sammler: französische Kunst in deutschem Privatbesitz vom Kaiserreich zur Weimarer Republik, edited by Andrea Pophanken and Felix Billeter. Berlin: Akademie Verlag, 2001, listed p. 387.

Ballas 2002

Ballas, Guila. Cézanne: baigneuses et baigneurs: thème et composition. Paris: Adam Biro, 2002, ill. p. 14, p. 311, no. 275, ill., as La Lutte d'amour, II, c. 1880.

Athanassoglou-Kallmyer 2003

Athanassoglou-Kallmyer, Nina M. Cézanne and Provence: The Painter in His Culture. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, p. 199, fig. 5.11, as La Lutte d'amour, II.

Locke 2003

Locke, Nancy. "Cézanne's 'Bathers', Watteau, and the Idea of Fantasy." Bulletin of the Detroit Institute of Arts 77, no. 1/2 (2003), p. 25, fig. 10.

Jensen 2006

Jensen, Robert. "Vollard and Cézanne: An Anatomy of a Relationship." In Cézanne to Picasso: Ambroise Vollard, Patron of the Avant-Garde. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art; New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. Exhibition catalogue, p. 40, fig. 41, as The Battle of Love.

Machotka 2008

Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 148; vol. 2, p. 111, as La Lutte d'amour, II.

Virassamynaïken 2009

Virassamynaïken, Ludmilla. "La lutte d'amour." In Picasso, Cézanne. Aix-en-Provence: Réunion des musées nationaux, 2009. Exhibition catalogue, pp. 134–35, fig. 1, as La Lutte d'amour, II.

Dombrowski 2011

Dombrowski, André. "Cézanne peignant le meurtre." In Cézanne et Paris. Paris: Éditions de la Rmn-Grand Palais, 2011. Exhibition catalogue, p. 107, ill., as La Lutte d'amour, II.

Rishel 2012b

Rishel, Joseph J. "Arcadia 1900." In Gauguin, Cézanne, Matisse: Visions of Arcadia. Philadelphia: Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2012. Exhibition catalogue, p. 63, fig. 67, as Lutte d'amour.

Dombrowski 2013

Dombrowski, André. Cézanne, Murder, and Modern Life. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2013, pl. 16.

Echte and Feilchenfeldt 2016e

Echte, Bernhard and Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Sammlung Gottlieb Friedrich Reber, Barmen: Anfang Januar bis 20. Januar 1913." In Kunstsalon Cassirer: Die Ausstellungen 1912-1914 vol. 6, "Eine neue Klassik". Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2016, p. 132, ill.

Marchesseau 2017

Marchesseau, Daniel. Paul Cezanne, Le chant de la terre. Martigny: Fondation Pierre Gianadda, 2017. Exhibition catalogue, p. 290, ill.

Dombrowski, Ireson and Patry 2021

Dombrowski, André, Nancy Ireson, and Sylvie Patry, eds. Cézanne in the Barnes Foundation. New York: Rizzoli Electa in association with The Barnes Foundation, 2021, p. 303, fig. 3, as The Battle of Love.

Related work

Record last updated March 22, 2022. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.

Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "La Lutte d'amour, c.1880 (FWN 657)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=447 (accessed on April 29, 2024).