The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne
An Online Catalogue Raisonné under the Direction of Société Paul Cezanne
(Formerly directed by Walter Feilchenfeldt, Jayne Warman and David Nash)
FWN 124
Montagnes en Provence
c.1879
Alternate titles: Berglandschaft; Landscape; Le barrage de François-Zola; Le barrage François Zola; Maison en Provence, près de l'Estaque, Midi à L'Estaque; Midday, L'Estaque; Midi (L'Estaque); Montagne Sainte-Victoire (Le barrage or Le bassin de François Zola); Montagnes en Provence (près de l'Estaque?); Montagnes, l'Estaque; Mountains in Provence (near l'Estaque?); Paysage; Paysage de l'Estaque; Paysage provençal; Provençal Landscape; The François Zola Dam; Vallée du Rhône
Rewald (391): c.1879; Venturi revised: c.1883; Cézanne fils: c.1885; Venturi (490): 1886–90; Cooper: 1878–80; Gowing: c.1883 (Edinburgh)
Oil on paper mounted on canvas
21 1/16 x 28 1/5 in. (53.5 x 72.4 cm)
Vollard A stockbook: no. 3460, huile -- bords de la Mediterranée -- les premiers plans sont formés de rochers en haut un peu de mer; au fond des silhouettes de montagnes bleus, 54 x 75 cm (800 frs)
Vollard archives: photo no. 164, Annotated by Cezanne's son: circa 1885
Provenance
Exhibition History
Kunstforeningen (Copenhagen Art Society), Copenhagen, Denmark, Nordiske og Franske Impressionister [Scandinavian and French Impressionists], October 30–November 11, 1889, lent by Gauguin.
La Libre Esthétique, Brussels, Exposition des peintres impressionnistes, February 25–March 29, 1904, no. 20, as Vallée du Rhône, lent by Baron Cochin; tentative identification.
Galerie Bernheim-Jeune, Paris, Paul Cézanne, January 6–17, 1914, no. 4, as Paysage de l'Estaque, for sale.
MM. Bernheim-Jeune & Cie, Paris, Le Paysage du Midi, June 8–16, 1914, no. 4, as Le barrage François Zola.
Montross Gallery, New York, Cézanne, January 1–31, 1916, no. 4, as The François Zola Dam, lent by Bernheim-Jeune.
MM. Bernheim-Jeune & Cie, Paris, Essai d'une collection, June 14–28, 1917, no. 4 bis, as Le barrage François Zola.
Kunsthaus Zürich, Zurich, Französische Kunst des XIX. und XX. Jahrhunderts, October 5–November 14, 1917, no. 5, as Le barrage de François-Zola, lent by Bernheim-Jeune.
Victoria Art Gallery, Bath, United Kingdom, Modern Art, April 1918–September 1920, ill., Pl. I-B, as Le barrage de François-Zola, lent by Gwendoline Davies.
Burlington Fine Arts Club, London, Pictures, Drawings, and Sculptures of the French School of the Last 100 Years, Spring 1922, no. 40, as Landscape, lent by G. Davies.
National Gallery (Tate Gallery), Millbank, London, Loans at the exhibition of the Modern Foreign Gallery, June 26–October 10, 1926, as Landscape, lent by Miss Davies.
Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris, Cézanne, May 20–October 11, 1936, no. 42, (dated 1880–83), as Montagnes en Provence, lent by G.-E. Davies.
Royal Academy of Arts, London, Landscape in French Art, 1550–1900, December 10, 1949–March 5, 1950, no. 304, as Provençal Landscape, lent by Misses Davies, c. 1886-90.
National Library of Wales, Aberystwyth, United Kingdom, An Exhibition of sixty-one pictures: from the Gregynog Collection, July 17, 1951–October 31, 191.
Royal Scottish Academy, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Paintings by Cézanne, August 20–September 18, 1954, no. 32, as Montagnes en Provence, c. 1883, lent by the National Museum of Wales. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, September 29–October 27, 1954.
Kunstnerforbundet, Oslo, Norway, Paul Cezanne: 28 malerier, November 13–December 1, 1954, no. 14, as Montagnes en Provence, lent by National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Musée d'Art Moderne, Paris, Les Sources du XXe siècle: les arts en Europe de 1884 à 1914, November 4, 1960–January 23, 1961, no. 79, as Montagnes en Provence, 1878-80, lent by National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam, the Netherlands, Franse landschappen van Cézanne tot heden [Le paysage français à nos jours], October 4–November 17, 1963, no. 24, pl. 2, as Montagnes, l'Estaque, c. 1882, lent by National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Musée Marmottan, Paris, Chefs-d'oeuvre impressionnistes du Musée National du Pays de Galle, May–June 1979, no. 20, ill.
Wildenstein, London, Paintings from the Davies Collection, March 1–30, 1979, no. 30, ill., as Montagnes, l'Estaque.
National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Cézanne and Poussin: The Classical Vision in Landscape, August 9–October 21, 1990, no. 34, ill.
Grand Palais, Paris, Cézanne, September 26, 1995–January 14, 1996, no. 56, ill. shown in Philadelphia only. Traveled to: Tate Gallery, London, February 8–April 28, 1996; Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, May 26–September 1, 1996.
Nationalmuseum, Stockholm, Impressionism and the North: Late 19th Century French Avant-Garde Art and the Art in the Nordic Countries 1870–1920, September 25, 2002–January 19, 2003, no. 20, ill., p. 144 (with Gauguin's study for a fan), as Midday, L'Estaque. Traveled to: Statens Museum for Kunst, Copenhagen, Denmark, February 21–May 25, 2003.
National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., Cézanne in Provence, January 29–May 7, 2006, no. 43, ill., (dated c. 1876–79), shown in Washington only. Traveled to: Musée Granet, Aix-en-Provence, France, June 9–September 17, 2006.
National Gallery, London, Cézanne in Britain, October 4, 2006–January 7, 2007, no. 17, ill., as Mountains in Provence (near l'Estaque?) (size: 542 x 742 cm).
Columbia Museum of Art, Columbia, South Carolina, Turner to Cézanne: Masterpieces from the Davies Collection, National Museum of Wales, March 6–June 7, 2009, no. 7, ill., (dated c. 1877–78). Traveled to: Everson Museum of Art, Syracuse, New York, June 25–September 20, 2009; Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C., October 8, 2009–January 3, 2010; Albuquerque Museum of Art & History, Albuquerque, New Mexico, May 16–August 8, 2010.
Fondation Pierre Gianadda, Martigny, Switzerland, Paul Cézanne: le chant de la terre, June 16–November 19, 2017, no. 28, ill. lent by National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.
Princeton University Art Museum, Princeton, New Jersey, Cézanne, The Rock and Quarry Paintings, March 7–June 14, 2020, fig. 101, c. 1883, to be shown in London only. Traveled to: Royal Academy, London, July 12–October 18, 2020 (N.B. This venue was cancelled due to 2020 coronavirus).
The Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Cezanne, May 15–September 5, 2022, no. 26, ill. 1877–78, shown in London only. Traveled to: Tate Moderrn, London, October 6, 2022–March 12, 2023.
Published References
Gauguin, Paul. "Letter to Camille Pissarro, n.d. [probably written between 25 and 29 July 1883 in Paris]." In Correspondance de Paul Gauguin: documents témoignages, 1 [1873-1888], Victor Merlhès, ed. Paris: Fondation Singer-Polignac, 1984, pp. 50-51, as ... une vue du Midi inachevée ...
Gauguin, Paul. "Letter to his wife, n.d. [probably written in the first fortnight of December 1885 in Paris]." In Correspondance de Paul Gauguin: documents témoignages, 1 [1873-1888], Victor Merlhès, ed. Paris: Fondation Singer-Polignac, 1984, p. 118.
Gauguin, Paul. Sketchbook, known as Album Briand. , p. 5 (as size 20), as Midi (L'Estaque), list datable to c. Jan. 1888.
Madsen, Karl. "Kunst. Impressionisterne i Kunstforeningen, II." Politiken, November 10, 1889.
Gauguin, Paul. "[Letter] CXLVIII, à sa femme, n.d. [Paris, 5 février 1894]." In Lettres de Gauguin à sa femme et à ses amis, Maurice Malingue (ed.). Paris: Grasset, 1946, as ... le Césane avec des toits rouges ...
Gauguin, Paul. "Letter to Edvard Brandes, Paris, February 17, 1894." In Bodelsen, Merete, Gauguin, the Collector, The Burlington Magazine, vol. CXII, no 810. September 1907, as ... les Cézanne ...
Cortissoz, Royal. "Paul Cézanne and the Cult for His Paintings." New York Tribune, January 9, 1916, ill. (reprinted in R. Cortissoz, Personalities in Art, New York and London, 1925, p. 298).
"A Representative Group of Cézannes Here." New York Times Magazine, January 2, 1916, p. 21.
Wright, Willard Huntington. "Paul Cézanne." International Studio 57, no. 228 (February 1916), p. cxxix, ill.
Constable, W.G. "Modern Art at the Victoria Art Gallery, Bath." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 36, no. 203 (February 1920), fig. B pl. I, as Paysage.
Faure, Élie. Histoire de l'Art. L'Art moderne. Paris: Les Éditions Crès, 1921, ill. p. 401.
"Editorial: Cézanne and the Nation." The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs 38, no. 218 (May 1921), p. 209, ill. p. [214], as Landscape.
Fry, Roger. "The Burlington Fine Arts Club: Cézanne Once More." New Statesman (London) (May 27, 1922).
Le Bulletin de la vie artistique 6, no. 12 (June 15, 1925), ill. p. 270, as Le barrage de François-Zola.
Bell, Clive. "Les tableaux français modernes à la Galerie Tate et à la Galerie Nationale de Londres." L'Amour de l'Art 7, no. 4 (April 1926), ill. p. 120, as Paysage. Tate Collection.
Venturi, Lionello. Cézanne: Son Art, Son Oeuvre. Paris: Editions Paul Rosenberg, 1936, no. 490, ill. vol. II, as Montagnes en Provence.
Rewald, John. "A propos du catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre de Paul Cézanne et de la chronologie de cette œuvre." La Renaissance (Paris), vol. 20, nos. 3-4 (March–April 1937), p. 56.
Barnes, Albert C., and Violette de Mazia. The Art of Cézanne. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1939, no. 85, p. 212, ill. (analysis pp. 341–42).
Maison, Karl Eric. "French Paintings in the Gwendoline E. Davies Bequest." Apollo 6 (July 1952), fig. XI.
Catalogue of Oil Paintings. Cardiff: National Museum of Wales, 1955, p. 137, pl. 19b.
Rostrup, Haavard. "Eventails et pastels de Gauguin." Gazette des Beaux-Arts, vol. 56, periode 6 (September 1960), p. 158.
Bodelsen, Merete. "Gauguin's Cézannes." The Burlington Magazine 104, no. 710 (May 1962), pp. 207–08, fig. 40.
Sutton, Denys. "Editorial: A Shock for the Troops." Apollo 80 (October 1964), p. 263, ill.
Ingamells, John. "Cézanne in England, 1910–30." British Journal of Aesthetics 5, no. 4 (October 1965), pp. 344–45.
Evers, Hans Gerhard. Vom Historismus zum Funktionalismus. Baden-Baden: Holle, 1967, p. 177, ill.
Ingamells, John. The Davies Collection of French Art. Cardiff: National Museum of Wales, 1967, pp. 28–30, ill.
Bodelsen, Merete. Gauguin og Impressionisterne. Copenhagen: Kunstforeningen, 1968, pp. 79-92, ill. p. 83.
Bodelsen, Merete. "Early Impressionist Sales 1874–94 in the light of some unpublished 'procès-verbaux.'" The Burlington Magazine 110, no. 783 (June 1968), p. 335.
Roskill, Mark W. Van Gogh, Gauguin and the Impressionist Circle. Greenwich: New York Graphic Society, 1970, pl. 28.
Bodelsen, Merete. "Gauguin, the Collector." The Burlington Magazine 112, no. 810 (September 1970), pp. 594, 603-604 and p. 606, Catalogue no. 9, as Montagnes, l'Estaque.
Wetzel, Christoph. Paul Cézanne: Leben u. Werk. Stuttgart/Zurich: Belser, 1984, p. 34/35, ill. in color.
Rewald, John. Cézanne and America: Dealers, Collectors, Artists and Critics, 1891–1921. Princeton: Princeton University Press; London: Thames & Hudson, 1989, pp. 290, 291, 299, pl. XIV.
Kendall, Richard. The History and Techniques of the Great Master Cézanne. London: Tiger Books International, 1989, p. 39, ill.
Lartigue, Charles de. Les paysages de Paul Cézanne. Lyon: Les Créations du Pélican, 1995, p. 76, ill.
Coutagne, Denis. "Les paysages." Dossier de l'art (Dijon), no. 25 (September - October 1995), ill. p. 15, 1878-80.
"Editorial: Cézanne and 'The Burlington Magazine.'" The Burlington Magazine 138, no. 1115 (February 1996), p. 67, ill., as Midday, L'Estaque.
Rewald, John. The Paintings of Paul Cézanne, A Catalogue Raisonné, 2 vols. In Collaboration with Walter Feilchenfeldt and Jayne Warman. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1996, no. 391, ill. vol. 2, as Montagnes en Provence (près de l'Estaque?).
House, John. "Stockholm and Copenhagen: Impressionism and the North." The Burlington Magazine 145, no. 1199 (February 2002), p. 118 mentioned, as Midday, L'Estaque.
Feilchenfeldt, Walter. "Cézannes Sammler. Von Zola bis Annenberg." In "By Appointment Only": Schriften zu Kunst und Kunsthandel,
Cézanne und Van Gogh. Wädenswil: Nimbus, 2005, p. 167, ill.
Machotka, Pavel. Cézanne: The Eye and the Mind, 2 vols. Marseille: Editions Crès, 2008, vol. 1, fig. 156; vol. 2, p. 114, as Montagnes en Provence (près de l'Estaque?).
Cézanne: Pioneer of Modern Art. Kanagawa: Pola Museum of Art, Pola Art Foundation, 2015. Exhibition catalogue, p. 72, fig. 13.
Blanc, Geneviève. L'Oeuvre de Cezanne à L'Estaque, Huiles – Aquarelles – Dessins, 1864–1885. Marseille: Éditions Gaussen, 2019, fig. 77 (discussion p. 71), as Maison en Provence, près de l'Estaque, Midi à L'Estaque, with contemporary photo of the motif (fig. 78).
Serres, Karen (ed.). The Courtauld Collection, A Vision of Impressionism. Paris and London: Fondation Louis Vuitton and Paul Holberton Publishing, 2019. Exhibition catalogue (2019 Paris), p. 3, fig. 3.
Dauberville, Guy-Patrice, and Floriane Dauberville. Paul Cezanne chez Bernheim-Jeune. Paris: Editions G-P.F. Dauberville & Archives Bernheim-Jeune, 2020, no. 111, ill., as Montagne Sainte-Victoire (Le barrage or Le bassin de François Zola), installation photograph from 1914 exhibition, p. 100.
Cézanne, Philippe. Paul Cezanne dépeint par ses contemporains. Lyon: Fage éditions, 2021, fig. 51.
Notes
Cézanne may have begun painting this canvas in the South and taken it with him to Paris to rework it. Paul Gauguin bought the painting from père Tanguy in the summer of 1883 and had it relined. Gauguin copied the work on a fan, now in the collection of the Ny Carlsberg Glyptotek, Copenhagen.
Record last updated March 21, 2023. Please note that the information on this and all pages is periodically reviewed and subject to change.
Citation: Société Paul Cezanne. "Montagnes en Provence, c.1879 (FWN 124)." In The Paintings, Watercolors and Drawings of Paul Cezanne: An Online Catalogue Raisonné. www.cezannecatalogue.com/catalogue/entry.php?id=387 (accessed on April 25, 2024).
